FINAL TEST AT LABORATORY
Study of the diffusion in gaseous state and molecular speeds

1. We may say the followings:
   1. diffusion process appears only in gaseous and liquid states;
   2. diffusion process appears only in gaseous state;
   3. the molecules have energy in all gaseous, liquid and solid states;
   4. the kinetic energy of a molecule is affected by temperature only;
   
   
2. As you concluded from the experiment, the molecules of a gas at equilibrium:
   1. are considered to be at the same temperature, but may have different speeds;
   2. are considered to be at the same temperature, but may have different energies;
   3. all have same speed;
   4. all have same energy;
   
   
3. The time to the formation of the ring in the experiment is dependent on:
   1. the speed of diffusion of each involved species;
   2. the width of the tube and not of the length of the tube;
   3. the length of the tube and not of the width of the tube;
   4. the real speeds and not the virtual speeds of each involved species;
   
   
4. At the ends of the tube following equilibrium reactions occurs:
   1. H₂O \=\ H⁺ + HO^-
   2. NH₄⁺ + Cl^- \=\ NH₄Cl
   3. NH₃ + H₂O \=\ NH₄⁺ + HO^-
   4. H⁺ + HO^- \=\ H₂O
   
   
5. The position of the ring in the experiment is dependent on:
   1. the mode energy or mode speed of each involved species;
   2. the real speeds and not the virtual speeds of each involved species;
   3. the virtual speeds and not the real speeds of each involved species;
   4. the average energy or average speed of each involved species;
   
   

TEST DE FINAL DE LABORATOR
Studiul difuziei in stare gazoasa si a vitezelor moleculare

1. Va rugam sa decida cu adevarat / fals pentru urmatoarele afirmatii:
   1. proces de difuzie apare numai īn stare gazoasa si lichida;
   2. proces de difuzie apare numai īn stare gazoasa;
   3. moleculele au energie īn toate starile gazoasa, lichida si solida;
   4. energia cinetica a unei molecule este afectata de numai temperatura;
   5. moleculele au energie numai īn stare gazoasa si lichida;
   
   
2. Asa cum s-a concluzionat din experiment, moleculele unui gaz la echilibru:
   1. sunt considerate a fi la aceeasi temperatura, dar pot avea viteze diferite;
   2. sunt considerate a fi la aceeasi temperatura, dar pot avea diferite energii;
   3. toate au aceeasi viteza;
   4. toate au aceeasi energie;
   5. toate se īndreapta īntr-o directie arbitrara;
   
   
3. Timpul pentru formarea inelului īn experimentul este dependenta de:
   1. viteza de difuzie a fiecarei specii implicate;
   2. latimea tubului si nu lungimea tubului;
   3. lungimea tubului si nu latimea tubului;
   4. vitezele reale si nu vitezele virtuale ale fiecarei specii implicate;
   5. viteza la moda sau energia la moda a fiecarei specii implicate;
   
   
4. La capetele tubului urmatoarele reactii de echilibru apar:
   1. H₂O \=\ H⁺ + HO^-
   2. NH₄⁺ + Cl^- \=\ NH₄Cl
   3. NH₃ + H₂O \ = \ NH₄⁺ + HO^-
   4. H⁺ + HO^- \=\ H₂O
   
   
5. Pozitia inelului īn experimentul este dependenta de:
   1. viteza la moda sau energia la moda a fiecarei specii implicate;
   2. vitezele reale si nu vitezele virtuale ale fiecarei specii implicate;
   3. vitezele virtuale si nu vitezele reale ale fiecarei specii implicate;
   4. energia medie sau viteza medie a fiecarei specii implicate;
   
   

FINAL TEST AT LABORATORY
Study of the diffusion in gaseous state and molecular speeds

1. The chronometer is used in the experiment for:
   1. extracting the information necessary to calculate the diffusion coefficients;
   2. indication of the moment when we should pay attention to the experiment;
   3. extracting the information necessary to calculate the speeds ratio;
   4. to keep us busy;
   
   
2. The position of the ring in the experiment is dependent on:
   1. the length of the tube and the width of the tube;
   2. the length of the tube and not of the width of the tube;
   3. the width of the tube and not of the length of the tube;
   4. the concentrations of the solutions used;
   
   
3. The fog observed during the experiment is due to:
   1. unproper illumination in the laboratory and our breathing;
   2. unproper illumination in the laboratory or our breathing;
   3. formation of ammonium chloride;
   4. our experiment designed to trap the product of the reaction;
   
   
4. We may say the followings:
   1. the kinetic energy of a molecule is affected by temperature only;
   2. the kinetic energy of a molecule is affected by temperature and pressure;
   3. the molecules have speeds only in gaseous and liquid states;
   4. diffusion process appears in all gaseous, liquid and solid states;
   
   
5. At the ends of the tube following equilibrium reactions occurs:
   1. NH₄⁺ + Cl^- \=\ NH₄Cl
   2. H₂O \=\ H⁺ + HO^-
   3. NH₃ + HCl \=\ NH₄Cl
   4. NH₃ + H₂O \=\ NH₄⁺ + HO^-
   
   

TEST DE FINAL DE LABORATOR
Studiul difuziei in stare gazoasa si a vitezelor moleculare

1. Cronometrul este utilizat īn experimentul pentru:
   1. extragerea informatiilor necesare pentru a calcula coeficientii de difuzie;
   2. indicarea momentului cānd trebuie sa se acorde atentie experimentului;
   3. extragerea informatiilor necesare pentru calcularea raportului vitezelor;
   4. sa ne tina ocupati;
   
   
2. Pozitia inelului īn experimentul este dependenta de:
   1. lungimea tubului si latimea tubului;
   2. lungimea tubului si nu latimea tubului;
   3. latimea tubului si nu lungimea tubului;
   4. concentratiile solutiilor utilizate;
   5. viteza la moda sau energia la moda a fiecarei specii implicate;
   
   
3. Ceata observata īn timpul experimentului se datoreaza:
   1. iluminarii necorespunzatoare īn laborator si respiratiei noastre;
   2. iluminarii necorespunzatoare īn laborator sau respiratie noastre;
   3. formarea clorurii de amoniu;
   4. experimentului nostru proiectat pentru a captura produsul de reactie;
   
   
4. Va rugam sa decida cu adevarat / fals pentru urmatoarele afirmatii:
   1. energia cinetica a unei molecule este afectata de numai temperatura;
   2. energia cinetica a unei molecule este afectata de temperatura si presiune;
   3. moleculele au viteze numai īn stare gazoasa si lichida;
   4. proces de difuzie apare īn toate starile gazoasa, lichida si solida;
   
   
5. La capetele tubului urmatoarele reactii de echilibru apar:
   1. NH₄⁺ + Cl^- \=\ NH₄Cl
   2. H₂O \=\ H⁺ + HO^-
   3. NH₃ + HCl \=\ NH₄Cl
   4. NH₃ + H₂O \ = \ NH₄⁺ + HO^-
   5. H⁺ + HO^- \=\ H₂O
   
   

FINAL TEST AT LABORATORY
Study of the diffusion in gaseous state and molecular speeds

1. The chronometer is used in the experiment for:
   1. indication of the moment when we should pay attention to the experiment;
   2. synchronization of the diffusion times;
   3. extracting the information necessary to calculate the diffusion coefficients;
   4. to keep us busy;
   
   
2. The time to the formation of the ring in the experiment is dependent on:
   1. the length of the tube and not of the width of the tube;
   2. the propagation of the species as ions and not as neutral molecules;
   3. the speed of diffusion of each involved species;
   4. the mode energy or mode speed of each involved species;
   
   
3. At the ends of the tube following equilibrium reactions occurs:
   1. NH₃ + H₂O \=\ NH₄⁺ + HO^-
   2. HCl + H₂O \=\ Cl^- + H₃O⁺
   3. NH₄⁺ + Cl^- \=\ NH₄Cl
   4. H₂O \=\ H⁺ + HO^-
   
   
4. We may say the followings:
   1. diffusion process appears only in gaseous and liquid states;
   2. the kinetic energy of a molecule is affected by temperature and pressure;
   3. the molecules have speeds only in gaseous state;
   4. the kinetic energy of a molecule is affected by temperature only;
   
   
5. The position of the ring in the experiment is dependent on:
   1. the speed of diffusion of each involved species;
   2. the propagation of the species as neutral molecules and not as ions;
   3. the real speeds and not the virtual speeds of each involved species;
   4. the length of the tube and not of the width of the tube;
   
   

TEST DE FINAL DE LABORATOR
Studiul difuziei in stare gazoasa si a vitezelor moleculare

1. Cronometrul este utilizat īn experimentul pentru:
   1. indicarea momentului cānd trebuie sa se acorde atentie experimentului;
   2. sincronizarea timpilor de difuzie;
   3. extragerea informatiilor necesare pentru a calcula coeficientii de difuzie;
   4. sa ne tina ocupati;
   
   
2. Timpul pentru formarea inelului īn experimentul este dependenta de:
   1. lungimea tubului si nu latimea tubului;
   2. propagarea speciilor ca ionii si nu ca si molecule neutre;
   3. viteza de difuzie a fiecarei specii implicate;
   4. viteza la moda sau energia la moda a fiecarei specii implicate;
   
   
3. La capetele tubului urmatoarele reactii de echilibru apar:
   1. NH₃ + H₂O \ = \ NH₄⁺ + HO^-
   2. HCl + H₂O \=\ Cl^- + H₃O⁺
   3. NH₄⁺ + Cl^- \=\ NH₄Cl
   4. H₂O \=\ H⁺ + HO^-
   5. H⁺ + HO^- \=\ H₂O
   
   
4. Va rugam sa decida cu adevarat / fals pentru urmatoarele afirmatii:
   1. proces de difuzie apare numai īn stare gazoasa si lichida;
   2. energia cinetica a unei molecule este afectata de temperatura si presiune;
   3. moleculele au viteze numai īn stare gazoasa;
   4. energia cinetica a unei molecule este afectata de numai temperatura;
   
   
5. Pozitia inelului īn experimentul este dependenta de:
   1. viteza de difuzie a fiecarei specii implicate;
   2. propagarea speciilor ca si molecule neutre si nu ca si ioni;
   3. vitezele reale si nu vitezele virtuale ale fiecarei specii implicate;
   4. lungimea tubului si nu latimea tubului;
   
   

FINAL TEST AT LABORATORY
Study of the diffusion in gaseous state and molecular speeds

1. At the ends of the tube following equilibrium reactions occurs:
   1. H⁺ + HO^- \=\ H₂O
   2. HCl + H₂O \=\ Cl^- + H₃O⁺
   3. NH₃ + H₂O \=\ NH₄⁺ + HO^-
   4. NH₄⁺ + Cl^- \=\ NH₄Cl
   
   
2. The position of the ring in the experiment is dependent on:
   1. the width of the tube and not of the length of the tube;
   2. the length of the tube and the width of the tube;
   3. the speed of diffusion of each involved species;
   4. the average energy or average speed of each involved species;
   
   
3. The chronometer is used in the experiment for:
   1. extracting the information necessary to calculate the speeds ratio;
   2. indication of the moment when we should pay attention to the experiment;
   3. measuring of the diffusion time;
   4. synchronization of the diffusion times;
   
   
4. As you concluded from the experiment, the molecules of a gas at equilibrium:
   1. all have same energy;
   2. all are moving in the same direction;
   3. are considered to be at the same temperature, but may have different energies;
   4. all have same speed;
   
   
5. The time to the formation of the ring in the experiment is dependent on:
   1. the speed of diffusion of each involved species;
   2. the propagation of the species as ions and not as neutral molecules;
   3. the mode energy or mode speed of each involved species;
   4. the concentrations of the solutions used;
   
   

TEST DE FINAL DE LABORATOR
Studiul difuziei in stare gazoasa si a vitezelor moleculare

1. La capetele tubului urmatoarele reactii de echilibru apar:
   1. H⁺ + HO^- \=\ H₂O
   2. HCl + H₂O \=\ Cl^- + H₃O⁺
   3. NH₃ + H₂O \ = \ NH₄⁺ + HO^-
   4. NH₄⁺ + Cl^- \=\ NH₄Cl
   
   
2. Pozitia inelului īn experimentul este dependenta de:
   1. latimea tubului si nu lungimea tubului;
   2. lungimea tubului si latimea tubului;
   3. viteza de difuzie a fiecarei specii implicate;
   4. energia medie sau viteza medie a fiecarei specii implicate;
   5. concentratiile solutiilor utilizate;
   
   
3. Cronometrul este utilizat īn experimentul pentru:
   1. extragerea informatiilor necesare pentru calcularea raportului vitezelor;
   2. indicarea momentului cānd trebuie sa se acorde atentie experimentului;
   3. masurarea timpului de difuzie;
   4. sincronizarea timpilor de difuzie;
   5. extragerea informatiilor necesare pentru a calcula coeficientii de difuzie;
   
   
4. Asa cum s-a concluzionat din experiment, moleculele unui gaz la echilibru:
   1. toate au aceeasi energie;
   2. toate se deplaseaza īn aceeasi directie;
   3. sunt considerate a fi la aceeasi temperatura, dar pot avea diferite energii;
   4. toate au aceeasi viteza;
   
   
5. Timpul pentru formarea inelului īn experimentul este dependenta de:
   1. viteza de difuzie a fiecarei specii implicate;
   2. propagarea speciilor ca ionii si nu ca si molecule neutre;
   3. viteza la moda sau energia la moda a fiecarei specii implicate;
   4. concentratiile solutiilor utilizate;
   5. lungimea tubului si latimea tubului;
   
   

FINAL TEST AT LABORATORY
Study of the diffusion in gaseous state and molecular speeds

1. The position of the ring in the experiment is dependent on:
   1. the length of the tube and not of the width of the tube;
   2. the speed of diffusion of each involved species;
   3. the virtual speeds and not the real speeds of each involved species;
   4. the real speeds and not the virtual speeds of each involved species;
   
   
2. At the ends of the tube following equilibrium reactions occurs:
   1. H₂O \=\ H⁺ + HO^-
   2. H⁺ + HO^- \=\ H₂O
   3. NH₃ + H₂O \=\ NH₄⁺ + HO^-
   4. NH₄⁺ + Cl^- \=\ NH₄Cl
   
   
3. The time to the formation of the ring in the experiment is dependent on:
   1. the length of the tube and the width of the tube;
   2. the average energy or average speed of each involved species;
   3. the propagation of the species as neutral molecules and not as ions;
   4. the concentrations of the solutions used;
   
   
4. The chronometer is used in the experiment for:
   1. to keep us busy;
   2. extracting the information necessary to calculate the diffusion coefficients;
   3. extracting the information necessary to calculate the speeds ratio;
   4. measuring of the diffusion time;
   
   
5. As you concluded from the experiment, the molecules of a gas at equilibrium:
   1. are considered to be at the same temperature, but may have different speeds;
   2. all are moving in an arbitrary direction;
   3. all are moving in the same direction;
   4. all have same speed;
   
   

TEST DE FINAL DE LABORATOR
Studiul difuziei in stare gazoasa si a vitezelor moleculare

1. Pozitia inelului īn experimentul este dependenta de:
   1. lungimea tubului si nu latimea tubului;
   2. viteza de difuzie a fiecarei specii implicate;
   3. vitezele virtuale si nu vitezele reale ale fiecarei specii implicate;
   4. vitezele reale si nu vitezele virtuale ale fiecarei specii implicate;
   5. concentratiile solutiilor utilizate;
   
   
2. La capetele tubului urmatoarele reactii de echilibru apar:
   1. H₂O \=\ H⁺ + HO^-
   2. H⁺ + HO^- \=\ H₂O
   3. NH₃ + H₂O \ = \ NH₄⁺ + HO^-
   4. NH₄⁺ + Cl^- \=\ NH₄Cl
   5. HCl + H₂O \=\ Cl^- + H₃O⁺
   
   
3. Timpul pentru formarea inelului īn experimentul este dependenta de:
   1. lungimea tubului si latimea tubului;
   2. energia medie sau viteza medie a fiecarei specii implicate;
   3. propagarea speciilor ca si molecule neutre si nu ca si ioni;
   4. concentratiile solutiilor utilizate;
   
   
4. Cronometrul este utilizat īn experimentul pentru:
   1. sa ne tina ocupati;
   2. extragerea informatiilor necesare pentru a calcula coeficientii de difuzie;
   3. extragerea informatiilor necesare pentru calcularea raportului vitezelor;
   4. masurarea timpului de difuzie;
   5. sincronizarea timpilor de difuzie;
   
   
5. Asa cum s-a concluzionat din experiment, moleculele unui gaz la echilibru:
   1. sunt considerate a fi la aceeasi temperatura, dar pot avea viteze diferite;
   2. toate se īndreapta īntr-o directie arbitrara;
   3. toate se deplaseaza īn aceeasi directie;
   4. toate au aceeasi viteza;
   5. sunt considerate a fi la aceeasi temperatura, dar pot avea diferite energii;
   
   

FINAL TEST AT LABORATORY
Obtaining of the oxygen: study of the gases laws

1. Based on our experience after conducting the experiment, we may say that the oxygen can be obtained from:
   1. K₂Cr₂O₇ -> K₂CrO₄ + Cr₂O₃ + O₂;
   2. K₂MnO₄ + MnO₂ + O₂ -> KMnO₄;
   3. opening a bubble water bottle;
   4. Ag + O₂ -> Ag₂O;
   
   
2. In the laboratory were studied:
   1. the producing of some gas as result of a lost of the mass of a solid;
   2. the lost of the mass of a solid as result of producing of some gas;
   3. decomposition of the potasium chlorate to potasium chloride when ozone is released;
   4. decomposition of the potasium chlorate to potasium chloride when oxygen is released;
   
   
3. For gaseous state:
   1. we need to take supplementary precautions in the laboratory;
   2. the pressure is much lower than in liquid state;
   3. the pressure is subject to change when a chemical reaction occurs;
   4. the pressure is exactly the same as in liquid state;
   
   
4. A state equation for a real gas is:
   1. a relation derived to approximate the relation between state parameters;
   2. a relation between an certain number of state parameters;
   3. a relation which is always true, independent of the values of the state parameters;
   4. usable in the laboratory, but is not to be used somewhere else;
   
   
5. The values taken from the experiment conducted in the laboratory indicated that:
   1. as more complex the model is used to approximate the behavior, as best agreement is obtained;
   2. as more simple the model is used to approximate the behavior, as best agreement is obtained;
   3. air were released as result of the decomposition;
   4. oxigen were released as result of the decomposition;
   
   

TEST DE FINAL DE LABORATOR
Obtinerea oxigenului: studiul legilor gazelor

1. Pe baza experientei noastre dupa efectuarea experimentului, putem spune ca oxigenul poate fi obtinut din:
   1. K₂Cr₂O₇ -> K₂CrO₄ + Cr₂O₃ + O₂;
   2. K₂MnO₄ + MnO₂ + O₂ -> KMnO₄;
   3. deschiderea unei sticle de apa cu bule;
   4. Ag + O₂ -> Ag₂O;
   
   
2. Īn laborator s-au studiat:
   1. producerea unor gaze ca urmare a unei pierderi de masa a unui solid;
   2. pierdut din masa de solid ca urmare a producerii unor gaze;
   3. descompunerea cloratului de potasiu la clorura de potasiu cānd ozonul este eliberat;
   4. descompunerea cloratului de potasiu la clorura de potasiu cānd oxigenul este eliberat;
   5. obtinerea de oxigen, folosind reactia KClO₃(+ MnO₂, caldura) -> KCl + O₃;
   
   
3. Pentru stare gazoasa:
   1. avem nevoie pentru a lua masuri de precautie suplimentare īn laborator;
   2. presiunea este mult mai mica decāt īn stare lichida;
   3. presiunea se pot modifica atunci cānd apare o reactie chimica;
   4. presiunea este exact la fel ca si īn stare lichida;
   5. ca exista o ecuatie utilizabila mereu, p · V = n · R · T;
   
   
4. O ecuatie de stare pentru un gaz real este:
   1. o relatie derivata pentru a aproxima relatia dintre parametrii de stare;
   2. o relatie īntre un anumit numar de parametri de stare;
   3. o relatie care este īntotdeauna adevarata, independent de valorile parametrilor de stare;
   4. utilizabila īn laborator, dar nu este de a fi utilizata īn alta parte;
   5. o relatie care sa tina cont de anumite abateri de la modelul ideal;
   
   
5. Valorile luate din experimentul efectuat īn laborator au indicat ca:
   1. cu cat mai complex este modelul folosit pentru a aproxima comportamentul, cu atat este mai bun este agrementul;
   2. cu cat mai simplu este modelul folosit pentru a aproxima comportamentul, cu atat este mai bun este agrementul;
   3. aer a fost eliberat ca urmare a descompunerii;
   4. oxigenul au fost eliberat ca urmare a descompunerii;
   5. modelul ideal al unui gaz aproximeaza cel mai bine comportamentul gazului eliberat;
   
   

FINAL TEST AT LABORATORY
Obtaining of the oxygen: study of the gases laws

1. In the laboratory were studied:
   1. the obtaining of the oxygen, by using the reaction KClO₃ (+MnO₂, heat) -> KCl + O₂;
   2. the lost of the mass of a solid as result of producing of some gas;
   3. the producing of some gas as result of a lost of the mass of a solid;
   4. increasing of the pressure of a gas when was heated;
   
   
2. For gaseous state:
   1. the pressure is exactly the same as in liquid state;
   2. the pressure is unchanged when a chemical reaction occurs;
   3. the pressure is much lower than in liquid state;
   4. we need to take supplementary precautions in the laboratory;
   
   
3. A state equation for a real gas is:
   1. a relation which is always true, independent of the values of the state parameters;
   2. a relation between an certain number of state parameters;
   3. a relation obtained after conducting of the experiment;
   4. a relation which may involve some constants dependent of gas composition;
   
   
4. Based on our experience after conducting the experiment, we may say that the oxygen can be obtained from:
   1. K₂Cr₂O₇ -> K₂CrO₄ + Cr₂O₃ + O₂;
   2. Ag + O₂ -> Ag₂O;
   3. H₂O + O₂ -> H₂O₂;
   4. H₂O₂ -> H₂O + O₂;
   
   
5. The values taken from the experiment conducted in the laboratory indicated that:
   1. the ideal model of a gas approximated the best the behavior of the released gas;
   2. as more complex the model is used to approximate the behavior, as best agreement is obtained;
   3. the ideal model of a gas approximated the worst the behavior of the released gas;
   4. oxigen were released as result of the decomposition;
   
   

TEST DE FINAL DE LABORATOR
Obtinerea oxigenului: studiul legilor gazelor

1. Īn laborator s-au studiat:
   1. obtinerea de oxigen, folosind reactia KClO₃(+ MnO₂, caldura) -> KCl + O₂;
   2. pierdut din masa de solid ca urmare a producerii unor gaze;
   3. producerea unor gaze ca urmare a unei pierderi de masa a unui solid;
   4. cresterea presiunii unui gaz cānd s-a īncalzit;
   5. obtinerea de oxigen, folosind reactia KClO₃(+ MnO₂, caldura) -> KCl + O₃;
   
   
2. Pentru stare gazoasa:
   1. presiunea este exact la fel ca si īn stare lichida;
   2. presiunea este neschimbata cānd apare o reactie chimica;
   3. presiunea este mult mai mica decāt īn stare lichida;
   4. avem nevoie pentru a lua masuri de precautie suplimentare īn laborator;
   5. presiunea este aproximativ aceeasi ca si īn stare lichida;
   
   
3. O ecuatie de stare pentru un gaz real este:
   1. o relatie care este īntotdeauna adevarata, independent de valorile parametrilor de stare;
   2. o relatie īntre un anumit numar de parametri de stare;
   3. o relatie obtinut dupa efectuarea experimentului;
   4. o relatie care poate implica unele constante dependente de compozitia gazului;
   5. o relatie care sa tina cont de anumite abateri de la modelul ideal;
   
   
4. Pe baza experientei noastre dupa efectuarea experimentului, putem spune ca oxigenul poate fi obtinut din:
   1. K₂Cr₂O₇ -> K₂CrO₄ + Cr₂O₃ + O₂;
   2. Ag + O₂ -> Ag₂O;
   3. H₂O + O₂ -> H₂O₂;
   4. H₂O₂ -> H₂O + O₂;
   
   
5. Valorile luate din experimentul efectuat īn laborator au indicat ca:
   1. modelul ideal al unui gaz aproximeaza cel mai bine comportamentul gazului eliberat;
   2. cu cat mai complex este modelul folosit pentru a aproxima comportamentul, cu atat este mai bun este agrementul;
   3. modelul ideal al unui gaz aproximeaza cel mai rau comportamentul gazului eliberat;
   4. oxigenul au fost eliberat ca urmare a descompunerii;
   5. ozonul au fost eliberat ca urmare a descompunerii;
   
   

FINAL TEST AT LABORATORY
Obtaining of the oxygen: study of the gases laws

1. In the laboratory were studied:
   1. the producing of some gas as result of a lost of the mass of a solid;
   2. the lost of the mass of a solid as result of producing of some gas;
   3. increasing of the temperature of a solid mass when was heated;
   4. the obtaining of the oxygen, by using the reaction KClO₃ (+MnO₂, heat) -> KCl + O₂;
   
   
2. For gaseous state:
   1. the pressure depends on the model which are used to approximate it;
   2. the pressure is much lower than in liquid state;
   3. we need to take supplementary precautions in the laboratory;
   4. the pressure is subject to change when a chemical reaction occurs;
   
   
3. Based on our experience after conducting the experiment, we may say that the oxygen can be obtained from:
   1. distillation of the liquid air;
   2. KCl + O₂ -> KClO₃;
   3. KNO₂ + O₂ -> KNO₃;
   4. KMnO₄ -> K₂MnO₄ + MnO₂ + O₂;
   
   
4. The values taken from the experiment conducted in the laboratory indicated that:
   1. as more complex the model is used to approximate the behavior, as best agreement is obtained;
   2. we do not possess enough information to decide what gas was released from the reaction;
   3. we possess enough information to decide what gas was released from the reaction;
   4. oxigen were released as result of the decomposition;
   
   
5. A state equation for a real gas is:
   1. a relation between an unlimited number of state parameters;
   2. a relation between an certain number of state parameters;
   3. a relation which may involve some constants dependent of gas composition;
   4. usable in the laboratory, but is not to be used somewhere else;
   
   

TEST DE FINAL DE LABORATOR
Obtinerea oxigenului: studiul legilor gazelor

1. Īn laborator s-au studiat:
   1. producerea unor gaze ca urmare a unei pierderi de masa a unui solid;
   2. pierdut din masa de solid ca urmare a producerii unor gaze;
   3. cresterea temperaturii unei mase solide cānd s-a īncalzit;
   4. obtinerea de oxigen, folosind reactia KClO₃(+ MnO₂, caldura) -> KCl + O₂;
   
   
2. Pentru stare gazoasa:
   1. presiunea depinde de modelul care este utilizat pentru o aproxima;
   2. presiunea este mult mai mica decāt īn stare lichida;
   3. avem nevoie pentru a lua masuri de precautie suplimentare īn laborator;
   4. presiunea se pot modifica atunci cānd apare o reactie chimica;
   5. presiunea este mult mai mare decāt īn stare lichida;
   
   
3. Pe baza experientei noastre dupa efectuarea experimentului, putem spune ca oxigenul poate fi obtinut din:
   1. distilarea aerului lichid;
   2. KCl + O₂ -> KClO₃;
   3. KNO₂ + O₂ -> KNO₃;
   4. KMnO₄ -> K₂MnO₄ + MnO₂ + O₂;
   
   
4. Valorile luate din experimentul efectuat īn laborator au indicat ca:
   1. cu cat mai complex este modelul folosit pentru a aproxima comportamentul, cu atat este mai bun este agrementul;
   2. nu avem suficiente informatii pentru a decide ce gaz a fost eliberat din reactie;
   3. avem suficiente informatii pentru a decide ce gaz a fost eliberat din reactie;
   4. oxigenul au fost eliberat ca urmare a descompunerii;
   
   
5. O ecuatie de stare pentru un gaz real este:
   1. o relatie īntre un numar nelimitat de parametri de stare;
   2. o relatie īntre un anumit numar de parametri de stare;
   3. o relatie care poate implica unele constante dependente de compozitia gazului;
   4. utilizabila īn laborator, dar nu este de a fi utilizata īn alta parte;
   5. o relatie obtinut dupa efectuarea experimentului;
   
   

FINAL TEST AT LABORATORY
Obtaining of the oxygen: study of the gases laws

1. For gaseous state:
   1. the pressure is unchanged when a chemical reaction occurs;
   2. it exists an equation for all, p · V = n · R · T;
   3. the pressure is much lower than in liquid state;
   4. we need to take supplementary precautions in the laboratory;
   
   
2. Based on our experience after conducting the experiment, we may say that the oxygen can be obtained from:
   1. H₂O + O₂ -> H₂O₂;
   2. opening a bubble water bottle;
   3. H₂O₂ -> H₂O + O₂;
   4. KClO₃ -> KCl + O₂;
   
   
3. A state equation for a real gas is:
   1. a relation which is always true, independent of the values of the state parameters;
   2. a relation obtained after conducting of the experiment;
   3. a relation between an certain number of state parameters;
   4. a relation which takes into account certain deviations from the ideal model;
   
   
4. In the laboratory were studied:
   1. the producing of some gas as result of a lost of the mass of a solid;
   2. decomposition of the potasium chlorate to potasium chloride when ozone is released;
   3. the obtaining of the oxygen, by using the reaction KClO₃ (+MnO₂, heat) -> KCl + O₃;
   4. the obtaining of the oxygen, by using the reaction KClO₃ (+MnO₂, heat) -> KCl + O₂;
   
   
5. The values taken from the experiment conducted in the laboratory indicated that:
   1. air were released as result of the decomposition;
   2. we possess enough information to decide what gas was released from the reaction;
   3. the ideal model of a gas approximated the best the behavior of the released gas;
   4. as more complex the model is used to approximate the behavior, as best agreement is obtained;
   
   

TEST DE FINAL DE LABORATOR
Obtinerea oxigenului: studiul legilor gazelor

1. Pentru stare gazoasa:
   1. presiunea este neschimbata cānd apare o reactie chimica;
   2. ca exista o ecuatie utilizabila mereu, p · V = n · R · T;
   3. presiunea este mult mai mica decāt īn stare lichida;
   4. avem nevoie pentru a lua masuri de precautie suplimentare īn laborator;
   5. presiunea se pot modifica atunci cānd apare o reactie chimica;
   
   
2. Pe baza experientei noastre dupa efectuarea experimentului, putem spune ca oxigenul poate fi obtinut din:
   1. H₂O + O₂ -> H₂O₂;
   2. deschiderea unei sticle de apa cu bule;
   3. H₂O₂ -> H₂O + O₂;
   4. KClO₃ -> KCl + O₂;
   
   
3. O ecuatie de stare pentru un gaz real este:
   1. o relatie care este īntotdeauna adevarata, independent de valorile parametrilor de stare;
   2. o relatie obtinut dupa efectuarea experimentului;
   3. o relatie īntre un anumit numar de parametri de stare;
   4. o relatie care sa tina cont de anumite abateri de la modelul ideal;
   
   
4. Īn laborator s-au studiat:
   1. producerea unor gaze ca urmare a unei pierderi de masa a unui solid;
   2. descompunerea cloratului de potasiu la clorura de potasiu cānd ozonul este eliberat;
   3. obtinerea de oxigen, folosind reactia KClO₃(+ MnO₂, caldura) -> KCl + O₃;
   4. obtinerea de oxigen, folosind reactia KClO₃(+ MnO₂, caldura) -> KCl + O₂;
   
   
5. Valorile luate din experimentul efectuat īn laborator au indicat ca:
   1. aer a fost eliberat ca urmare a descompunerii;
   2. avem suficiente informatii pentru a decide ce gaz a fost eliberat din reactie;
   3. modelul ideal al unui gaz aproximeaza cel mai bine comportamentul gazului eliberat;
   4. cu cat mai complex este modelul folosit pentru a aproxima comportamentul, cu atat este mai bun este agrementul;
   
   

FINAL TEST AT LABORATORY
Obtaining of the oxygen: study of the gases laws

1. The values taken from the experiment conducted in the laboratory indicated that:
   1. oxigen were released as result of the decomposition;
   2. we possess enough information to decide what gas was released from the reaction;
   3. the ideal model of a gas approximated the best the behavior of the released gas;
   4. as more complex the model is used to approximate the behavior, as best agreement is obtained;
   
   
2. A state equation for a real gas is:
   1. a relation derived to approximate the relation between state parameters;
   2. a relation which takes into account certain deviations from the ideal model;
   3. a relation obtained after conducting of the experiment;
   4. a relation between an unlimited number of state parameters;
   
   
3. Based on our experience after conducting the experiment, we may say that the oxygen can be obtained from:
   1. KMnO₄ -> K₂MnO₄ + MnO₂ + O₂;
   2. K₂Cr₂O₇ -> K₂CrO₄ + Cr₂O₃ + O₂;
   3. H₂O + O₂ -> H₂O₂;
   4. KCl + O₂ -> KClO₃;
   
   
4. For gaseous state:
   1. the pressure is approximately the same as in liquid state;
   2. the pressure depends on the model which are used to approximate it;
   3. we need to take supplementary precautions in the laboratory;
   4. the pressure is much higher than in liquid state;
   
   
5. In the laboratory were studied:
   1. the obtaining of the oxygen, by using the reaction KClO₃ (+MnO₂, heat) -> KCl + O₂;
   2. decomposition of the potasium chlorate to potasium chloride when ozone is released;
   3. the obtaining of the oxygen, by using the reaction KClO₃ (+MnO₂, heat) -> KCl + O₃;
   4. increasing of the temperature of a solid mass when was heated;
   
   

TEST DE FINAL DE LABORATOR
Obtinerea oxigenului: studiul legilor gazelor

1. Valorile luate din experimentul efectuat īn laborator au indicat ca:
   1. oxigenul au fost eliberat ca urmare a descompunerii;
   2. avem suficiente informatii pentru a decide ce gaz a fost eliberat din reactie;
   3. modelul ideal al unui gaz aproximeaza cel mai bine comportamentul gazului eliberat;
   4. cu cat mai complex este modelul folosit pentru a aproxima comportamentul, cu atat este mai bun este agrementul;
   5. ozonul au fost eliberat ca urmare a descompunerii;
   
   
2. O ecuatie de stare pentru un gaz real este:
   1. o relatie derivata pentru a aproxima relatia dintre parametrii de stare;
   2. o relatie care sa tina cont de anumite abateri de la modelul ideal;
   3. o relatie obtinut dupa efectuarea experimentului;
   4. o relatie īntre un numar nelimitat de parametri de stare;
   
   
3. Pe baza experientei noastre dupa efectuarea experimentului, putem spune ca oxigenul poate fi obtinut din:
   1. KMnO₄ -> K₂MnO₄ + MnO₂ + O₂;
   2. K₂Cr₂O₇ -> K₂CrO₄ + Cr₂O₃ + O₂;
   3. H₂O + O₂ -> H₂O₂;
   4. KCl + O₂ -> KClO₃;
   
   
4. Pentru stare gazoasa:
   1. presiunea este aproximativ aceeasi ca si īn stare lichida;
   2. presiunea depinde de modelul care este utilizat pentru o aproxima;
   3. avem nevoie pentru a lua masuri de precautie suplimentare īn laborator;
   4. presiunea este mult mai mare decāt īn stare lichida;
   
   
5. Īn laborator s-au studiat:
   1. obtinerea de oxigen, folosind reactia KClO₃(+ MnO₂, caldura) -> KCl + O₂;
   2. descompunerea cloratului de potasiu la clorura de potasiu cānd ozonul este eliberat;
   3. obtinerea de oxigen, folosind reactia KClO₃(+ MnO₂, caldura) -> KCl + O₃;
   4. cresterea temperaturii unei mase solide cānd s-a īncalzit;
   5. descompunerea cloratului de potasiu la clorura de potasiu cānd oxigenul este eliberat;
   
   

FINAL TEST AT LABORATORY
Qualitative analysis of metals and alloys

1. The electric charges after passing the metals into solution may be:
   1. Fe³⁺; Ni²⁺; Cu²⁺; Zn²⁺; Co²⁺; Cr³⁺
   2. dependent on the intensity of the current applied to the electrograf and composition of the metal alloy;
   3. Fe²⁺; Ni³⁺; Cu¹⁺; Zn³⁺; Co³⁺; Cr²⁺
   4. Fe²⁺; Co²⁺; Ni²⁺; Cu²⁺; Zn²⁺; Al³⁺
   
   
2. When lead is identified:
   1. a heat release is observed;
   2. a blue complex appears;
   3. a yellow complex appears;
   4. dangerous substances are used;
   
   
3. The paper requires before analysis of the sample:
   1. to be weighted;
   2. to be moistened with an electrolyte;
   3. to be tested;
   4. to measure its surface;
   
   
4. This method of analysis of metals and alloys is:
   1. a gravimetric method of analysis;
   2. a quantitative method of analysis;
   3. useful for alloys, not so useful for metals;
   4. useful for pure metals, not so useful for alloys;
   
   
5. When the electrical circuit is closed:
   1. anions from the solution are passed into sample as metals;
   2. elements from the metals are passed into solution as cations;
   3. cations from the solution are passed into sample as metals;
   4. electric current avoids the sample and the paper;
   
   

TEST DE FINAL DE LABORATOR
Analiza calitativa a metalelor si aliajelor

1. Sarcinile electrice ce apar la trecerea metalelor īn solutie pot fi:
   1. Fe³⁺; Ni²⁺; Cu²⁺; Zn²⁺; Co²⁺; Cr³⁺
   2. dependente de intensitatea curentului aplicat la electrograf si compozitia aliajului metalic;
   3. Fe²⁺; Ni³⁺; Cu¹⁺; Zn³⁺; Co³⁺; Cr²⁺
   4. Fe²⁺; Co²⁺; Ni²⁺; Cu²⁺; Zn²⁺; Al³⁺
   
   
2. Cānd plumbul este identificat:
   1. se observa o eliberare de caldura;
   2. apare un complex albastru;
   3. apare un complex galben;
   4. sunt utilizate substante periculoase;
   5. reactiile utilizate īn mod clar ii indica prezenta;
   
   
3. Hartia necesita ca īnainte de analiza probei:
   1. sa fie cantarita;
   2. sa fie umezita cu un electrolit;
   3. sa fie testata;
   4. sa i se masoare suprafata;
   
   
4. Aceasta metoda de analiza de metale si aliaje este:
   1. o metoda gravimetrica de analiza;
   2. o metoda cantitativa de analiza;
   3. utila pentru aliaje, nu atāt de utila pentru metale;
   4. utila pentru metale pure, nu atāt de utila pentru aliaje;
   
   
5. Cānd circuitul electric este īnchis:
   1. anionii din solutie sunt trecuti īn proba ca metale;
   2. elementele din metalele sunt trecute īn solutie sub forma de cationi;
   3. cationii din solutie sunt trecuti īn proba ca metale;
   4. curent electric evita proba si hārtia;
   
   

FINAL TEST AT LABORATORY
Qualitative analysis of metals and alloys

1. The paper requires before analysis of the sample:
   1. to be moistened with an electrolyte;
   2. to be burned;
   3. to be cut in small pieces;
   4. to be tested;
   
   
2. When lead is identified:
   1. precautions should be made for toxic wastes disposal;
   2. a red-brown complex appears;
   3. a heat release is observed;
   4. a violet complex appears;
   
   
3. Why moisten the paper with solution of sodium nitrate?
   1. for the paper to work as isolator;
   2. to work as an electrolyte and to allow passing of the electrical current through moistened paper;
   3. to provide cations for analysis;
   4. to be cut easily with scissors;
   
   
4. This method of analysis of metals and alloys is:
   1. a destructive method of analysis;
   2. useful for both metals and alloys;
   3. a nondestructive method of analysis;
   4. a gravimetric method of analysis;
   
   
5. The electric charges after passing the metals into solution may be:
   1. Fe²⁺; Ni³⁺; Cu¹⁺; Zn³⁺; Co³⁺; Cr²⁺
   2. Fe²⁺; Ni²⁺; Cu²⁺; Zn²⁺; Co²⁺; Cr³⁺
   3. Fe²⁺; Ni⁴⁺; Cu¹⁺; Zn²⁺; Co⁵⁺; Cr⁶⁺
   4. dependent on the intensity of the current applied to the electrograf and composition of the metal alloy;
   
   

TEST DE FINAL DE LABORATOR
Analiza calitativa a metalelor si aliajelor

1. Hartia necesita ca īnainte de analiza probei:
   1. sa fie umezita cu un electrolit;
   2. sa fie arsa;
   3. sa fie taiata īn bucati mici;
   4. sa fie testata;
   
   
2. Cānd plumbul este identificat:
   1. ar trebui sa fie luate masuri de precautie pentru deseurile toxice eliminate;
   2. apare un complex rosu-brun;
   3. se observa o eliberare de caldura;
   4. apare un complex violet;
   5. reactiile utilizate īn mod clar ii indica prezenta;
   
   
3. De ce umezim hārtia cu solutie de azotat de sodiu?
   1. pentru ca hartia sa actioneze ca izolator;
   2. pentru a lucra ca un electrolit si pentru a permite trecerea de curent electric prin hārtia umezita;
   3. pentru furniza cationi pentru analiza;
   4. sa fie taiat cu usurinta cu foarfeca;
   
   
4. Aceasta metoda de analiza de metale si aliaje este:
   1. o metoda distructiva de analiza;
   2. utila atāt pentru metale si aliaje;
   3. o metoda nedistructiva de analiza;
   4. o metoda gravimetrica de analiza;
   5. utila pentru metale pure, nu atāt de utila pentru aliaje;
   
   
5. Sarcinile electrice ce apar la trecerea metalelor īn solutie pot fi:
   1. Fe²⁺; Ni³⁺; Cu¹⁺; Zn³⁺; Co³⁺; Cr²⁺
   2. Fe²⁺; Ni²⁺; Cu²⁺; Zn²⁺; Co²⁺; Cr³⁺
   3. Fe²⁺; Ni⁴⁺; Cu¹⁺; Zn²⁺; Co⁵⁺; Cr⁶⁺
   4. dependente de intensitatea curentului aplicat la electrograf si compozitia aliajului metalic;
   5. Fe²⁺; Ni¹⁺; Cu¹⁺; Zn³⁺; Co²⁺; Cr⁶⁺
   
   

FINAL TEST AT LABORATORY
Qualitative analysis of metals and alloys

1. When aluminum is identified:
   1. the presence of other ions may produce a true negative outcome;
   2. there are many identification reactions possible;
   3. is identified as Al¹⁺ cation;
   4. is identified as Al³⁺ cation;
   
   
2. When the electrical circuit is closed:
   1. cations from the solution are passed into sample as metals;
   2. anions from the solution are passed into sample as metals;
   3. elements from the metals are passed into solution as cations;
   4. surface of the sample is fastly covered by a protecting shield of electrons;
   
   
3. This method of analysis of metals and alloys is:
   1. a quantitative method of analysis;
   2. useful for alloys, not so useful for metals;
   3. too ancient to be used today in the laboratory;
   4. a gravimetric method of analysis;
   
   
4. When lead is identified:
   1. dangerous substances are used;
   2. a red-brown complex appears;
   3. a yellow complex appears;
   4. a violet complex appears;
   
   
5. The paper requires before analysis of the sample:
   1. to be weighted;
   2. to be moistened with an electrolyte;
   3. to measure its surface;
   4. to be cut in small pieces;
   
   

TEST DE FINAL DE LABORATOR
Analiza calitativa a metalelor si aliajelor

1. Cānd aluminiu este identificat:
   1. prezenta altor ioni poate produce un rezultat adevarat negativ;
   2. exista multe reactii posibile de identificare;
   3. este identificat ca cationul Al¹⁺;
   4. este identificat ca cationul Al³⁺;
   5. folosirea alizarinei, īmpreuna cu hidroxidul de amoniu ofera un complex colorat rosu;
   
   
2. Cānd circuitul electric este īnchis:
   1. cationii din solutie sunt trecuti īn proba ca metale;
   2. anionii din solutie sunt trecuti īn proba ca metale;
   3. elementele din metalele sunt trecute īn solutie sub forma de cationi;
   4. suprafata probei este cu rapiditate acoperita de un strat protector de electroni;
   
   
3. Aceasta metoda de analiza de metale si aliaje este:
   1. o metoda cantitativa de analiza;
   2. utila pentru aliaje, nu atāt de utila pentru metale;
   3. prea veche pentru a fi utilizata īn prezent īn laborator;
   4. o metoda gravimetrica de analiza;
   
   
4. Cānd plumbul este identificat:
   1. sunt utilizate substante periculoase;
   2. apare un complex rosu-brun;
   3. apare un complex galben;
   4. apare un complex violet;
   
   
5. Hartia necesita ca īnainte de analiza probei:
   1. sa fie cantarita;
   2. sa fie umezita cu un electrolit;
   3. sa i se masoare suprafata;
   4. sa fie taiata īn bucati mici;
   
   

FINAL TEST AT LABORATORY
Qualitative analysis of metals and alloys

1. The paper requires before analysis of the sample:
   1. to be burned;
   2. to be cut in small pieces;
   3. to be moistened with an electrolyte;
   4. to be weighted;
   
   
2. The electric charges after passing the metals into solution may be:
   1. Fe²⁺; Co²⁺; Ni²⁺; Cu²⁺; Zn²⁺; Al³⁺
   2. Fe²⁺; Pb²⁺; Sn⁴⁺; Zn²⁺; Co⁵⁺; Cr⁶⁺
   3. dependent on the intensity of the current applied to the electrograf and composition of the metal alloy;
   4. Fe²⁺; Ni⁴⁺; Cu¹⁺; Zn²⁺; Co⁵⁺; Cr⁶⁺
   
   
3. When lead is identified:
   1. a blue complex appears;
   2. a heat release is observed;
   3. a red-brown complex appears;
   4. the reactions used clearly indicates its presence;
   
   
4. This method of analysis of metals and alloys is:
   1. a quantitative method of analysis;
   2. useful for pure metals, not so useful for alloys;
   3. useful for both metals and alloys;
   4. a nondestructive method of analysis;
   
   
5. When the electrical circuit is closed:
   1. elements from the metals are passed into solution as anions;
   2. electric current passes the sample and the paper;
   3. elements from the solution are passed into sample as metals;
   4. anions from the solution are passed into sample as metals;
   
   

TEST DE FINAL DE LABORATOR
Analiza calitativa a metalelor si aliajelor

1. Hartia necesita ca īnainte de analiza probei:
   1. sa fie arsa;
   2. sa fie taiata īn bucati mici;
   3. sa fie umezita cu un electrolit;
   4. sa fie cantarita;
   
   
2. Sarcinile electrice ce apar la trecerea metalelor īn solutie pot fi:
   1. Fe²⁺; Co²⁺; Ni²⁺; Cu²⁺; Zn²⁺; Al³⁺
   2. Fe²⁺; Pb²⁺; Sn⁴⁺; Zn²⁺; Co⁵⁺; Cr⁶⁺
   3. dependente de intensitatea curentului aplicat la electrograf si compozitia aliajului metalic;
   4. Fe²⁺; Ni⁴⁺; Cu¹⁺; Zn²⁺; Co⁵⁺; Cr⁶⁺
   
   
3. Cānd plumbul este identificat:
   1. apare un complex albastru;
   2. se observa o eliberare de caldura;
   3. apare un complex rosu-brun;
   4. reactiile utilizate īn mod clar ii indica prezenta;
   5. apare un complex galben;
   
   
4. Aceasta metoda de analiza de metale si aliaje este:
   1. o metoda cantitativa de analiza;
   2. utila pentru metale pure, nu atāt de utila pentru aliaje;
   3. utila atāt pentru metale si aliaje;
   4. o metoda nedistructiva de analiza;
   5. nu este utila nici pentru metale nici pentru aliaje;
   
   
5. Cānd circuitul electric este īnchis:
   1. elemente din metalele sunt trecute īn solutie sub forma de anioni;
   2. curent electric trece prin proba si hārtie;
   3. elemente din solutie sunt trecute īn proba ca metale;
   4. anionii din solutie sunt trecuti īn proba ca metale;
   5. cationii din solutie sunt trecuti īn proba ca metale;
   
   

FINAL TEST AT LABORATORY
Qualitative analysis of metals and alloys

1. This method of analysis of metals and alloys is:
   1. useful for both metals and alloys;
   2. useful for pure metals, not so useful for alloys;
   3. useful for alloys, not so useful for metals;
   4. a nondestructive method of analysis;
   
   
2. The electric charges after passing the metals into solution may be:
   1. Fe²⁺; Ni⁴⁺; Cu¹⁺; Zn²⁺; Co⁵⁺; Cr⁶⁺
   2. Fe²⁺; Ni²⁺; Cu²⁺; Zn²⁺; Co²⁺; Cr³⁺
   3. dependent on the intensity of the current applied to the electrograf and composition of the metal alloy;
   4. Fe²⁺; Ni¹⁺; Cu¹⁺; Zn³⁺; Co²⁺; Cr⁶⁺
   
   
3. When the electrical circuit is closed:
   1. elements from the metals are passed into solution as anions;
   2. elements from the metals are passed into solution as cations;
   3. surface of the sample is fastly covered by a protecting shield of electrons;
   4. anions from the solution are passed into sample as metals;
   
   
4. When lead is identified:
   1. dangerous substances are used;
   2. precautions should be made for toxic wastes disposal;
   3. interference of other ions may affect the outcome;
   4. a heat release is observed;
   
   
5. Why moisten the paper with solution of sodium nitrate?
   1. to have something to do in the laboratory;
   2. to provide cations for analysis;
   3. to accomodate ourselves to use chemicals;
   4. for the paper to work as isolator;
   
   

TEST DE FINAL DE LABORATOR
Analiza calitativa a metalelor si aliajelor

1. Aceasta metoda de analiza de metale si aliaje este:
   1. utila atāt pentru metale si aliaje;
   2. utila pentru metale pure, nu atāt de utila pentru aliaje;
   3. utila pentru aliaje, nu atāt de utila pentru metale;
   4. o metoda nedistructiva de analiza;
   5. o metoda distructiva de analiza;
   
   
2. Sarcinile electrice ce apar la trecerea metalelor īn solutie pot fi:
   1. Fe²⁺; Ni⁴⁺; Cu¹⁺; Zn²⁺; Co⁵⁺; Cr⁶⁺
   2. Fe²⁺; Ni²⁺; Cu²⁺; Zn²⁺; Co²⁺; Cr³⁺
   3. dependente de intensitatea curentului aplicat la electrograf si compozitia aliajului metalic;
   4. Fe²⁺; Ni¹⁺; Cu¹⁺; Zn³⁺; Co²⁺; Cr⁶⁺
   
   
3. Cānd circuitul electric este īnchis:
   1. elemente din metalele sunt trecute īn solutie sub forma de anioni;
   2. elementele din metalele sunt trecute īn solutie sub forma de cationi;
   3. suprafata probei este cu rapiditate acoperita de un strat protector de electroni;
   4. anionii din solutie sunt trecuti īn proba ca metale;
   5. curent electric trece prin proba si hārtie;
   
   
4. Cānd plumbul este identificat:
   1. sunt utilizate substante periculoase;
   2. ar trebui sa fie luate masuri de precautie pentru deseurile toxice eliminate;
   3. interferenta altor ioni poate afecta rezultatul;
   4. se observa o eliberare de caldura;
   5. apare un complex rosu-brun;
   
   
5. De ce umezim hārtia cu solutie de azotat de sodiu?
   1. pentru a avea ceva de a face īn laborator;
   2. pentru furniza cationi pentru analiza;
   3. sa ne acomodam in a utiliza substante chimice;
   4. pentru ca hartia sa actioneze ca izolator;
   
   

FINAL TEST AT LABORATORY
Study of chemical reactions

1. Reactions between acids and bases:
   1. are rarely useful, and even rarely used;
   2. have as effect the change of the color of a solution;
   3. always have as a consequence the formation of a quantity of water;
   4. are all exothermic, being therefore dangerous outside of the laboratory;
   
   
2. A redox process:
   1. involves changing of the oxidation states of some participants to the reaction;
   2. is considered to be the following one: KMnO₄ + (COOH)₂ + H₂SO₄ -> K₂SO₄ + MnSO₄ + CO₂ + H₂O
   3. involves a transfer of electrons from one atom or group of atoms to another;
   4. is considered to be the following one: H₂SO₄ + NaOH -> Na₂SO₄ + H₂O
   
   
3. The equivalence point is:
   1. the point in which a reactive is fully consumed in the reaction;
   2. something rarely encountered in chemistry;
   3. the point in which a reactive should be added in the reaction flask;
   4. indicated when a color change is observed into the solution;
   
   
4. The indicator should be added:
   1. in large quantities, according to the principle 'only size matters';
   2. to be able to use the chemical reaction for the calculation of corresponding quantities of reactives;
   3. only in special cases, when the burette is graded from its bottom to its top;
   4. to provide a color change at equivalence point;
   
   
5. When a chemical reaction is balanced, following should be considered:
   1. all glassware should be clean before, after and during the experiment;
   2. the principle of the conservation of the energy;
   3. all glassware should be clean before and after conducting the experiment;
   4. the principle of the conservation of the volume;
   
   

TEST DE FINAL DE LABORATOR
Studiul reactiilor chimice

1. Reactiile īntre acizi si baze:
   1. sunt rareori utile, si chiar mai rar utilizate;
   2. au ca efect schimbarea culorii unei solutii;
   3. au īntotdeauna drept consecinta formarea unei cantitati de apa;
   4. sunt toate exoterme, fiind, prin urmare, īn afara laboratorului periculoase;
   
   
2. Un proces redox:
   1. implica schimbarea a starilor de oxidare ale unor participanti la reactie;
   2. este considerat a fi urmatorul: KMnO₄ + (COOH)₂ + H₂SO₄ -> K₂SO₄ + MnSO₄ + CO₂ + H₂O
   3. implica un transfer de electroni de la un atom sau grup de atomi la altul;
   4. este considerat a fi urmatorul: H₂SO₄ + NaOH -> Na₂SO₄ + H₂O
   
   
3. Punctul de echivalenta este:
   1. punctul īn care un reactiv este consumat complet īn reactie;
   2. ceva rar īntālnit īn chimie;
   3. punctul īn care ar trebui sa fie adaugat un reactiv īn balonul de reactie;
   4. indicat atunci cānd o schimbare de culoare se observa īn solutie;
   5. punctul īn care ar trebui sa fie adaugat un reactiv īn biureta;
   
   
4. Trebuie adaugat indicatorul:
   1. īn cantitati mari, īn conformitate cu principiul "doar dimensiunea conteaza";
   2. pentru a putea utiliza reactia chimica in calculul cantitatilor de reactivi corespunzatoare;
   3. numai īn cazuri speciale, atunci cānd este biureta gradata de jos in sus;
   4. pentru a oferi o schimbare de culoare la punctul de echivalenta;
   
   
5. Cānd o reactie chimica este echilibrat, ar trebui sa fie luate īn considerare urmatoarele:
   1. toate sticlariile trebuie sa fie curat īnainte, dupa, si īn timpul experimentului;
   2. principiul conservarii energiei;
   3. toate sticlariile trebuie sa fie curat īnainte si dupa efectuarea experimentului;
   4. principiul conservarii volumului;
   
   

FINAL TEST AT LABORATORY
Study of chemical reactions

1. In the calculations:
   1. are necessary to take the results imediatly after these are available from others;
   2. are necessary to use some formulas expressing in different ways the concentration;
   3. are necessary to discuss with our colleagues;
   4. are necessary to take some information from reagent bottles;
   
   
2. The indicator should be added:
   1. in small quantities, to avoid the errors in observations and in calculations;
   2. to indicate our safety limits when we dealt with chemicals;
   3. only in special cases, when the burette is graded from its bottom to its top;
   4. to be able to use the chemical reaction for the calculation of corresponding quantities of reactives;
   
   
3. When a chemical reaction is balanced, following should be considered:
   1. the liquid in the burette should be at the same level before and after conducting the experiment;
   2. all glassware should be clean before and after conducting the experiment;
   3. the principle of the conservation of the number of atoms for each element;
   4. the principle of the conservation of the energy;
   
   
4. The equivalence point is:
   1. the point in which a reactive is fully consumed in the reaction;
   2. the point in which a reactive should be added in the reaction flask;
   3. used to balance the equation;
   4. the point in which a reactive should be added in the burette;
   
   
5. Titration as a laboratory operation involves:
   1. a natrium hydroxide solution;
   2. a pH indicator that changes color depending on the pH of the solution;
   3. a volume measurement;
   4. a mass measurement;
   
   

TEST DE FINAL DE LABORATOR
Studiul reactiilor chimice

1. In calcule:
   1. este necesar sa luam rezultatele imediat ce acestea devin disponibile de la colegii nostrii;
   2. este necesar sa utilizam unele formule care exprima īn moduri diferite concentratia;
   3. este necesar sa discutam cu colegii;
   4. este necesar a se lua unele informatii de pe sticlele de reactivi;
   5. este necesar sa desenam tabelele in caiete dupa finalizarea experimentului;
   
   
2. Trebuie adaugat indicatorul:
   1. īn cantitati mici, pentru a evita erorile īn observatii si īn calculele;
   2. pentru a indica limitele noastre de siguranta, atunci cānd ne ocupam cu substante chimice;
   3. numai īn cazuri speciale, atunci cānd este biureta gradata de jos in sus;
   4. pentru a putea utiliza reactia chimica in calculul cantitatilor de reactivi corespunzatoare;
   5. numai la sugestia supraveghetorului;
   
   
3. Cānd o reactie chimica este echilibrat, ar trebui sa fie luate īn considerare urmatoarele:
   1. lichidul din biureta ar trebui sa fie la acelasi nivel, īnainte si dupa efectuarea experimentului;
   2. toate sticlariile trebuie sa fie curat īnainte si dupa efectuarea experimentului;
   3. principiul conservarii numarul de atomi pentru fiecare element;
   4. principiul conservarii energiei;
   5. toate sticlariile trebuie sa fie curat īnainte, dupa, si īn timpul experimentului;
   
   
4. Punctul de echivalenta este:
   1. punctul īn care un reactiv este consumat complet īn reactie;
   2. punctul īn care ar trebui sa fie adaugat un reactiv īn balonul de reactie;
   3. folosit pentru a echilibra ecuatia;
   4. punctul īn care ar trebui sa fie adaugat un reactiv īn biureta;
   
   
5. Titrarea ca o operatiune de laborator implica:
   1. o solutie de hidroxid de sodiu;
   2. un indicator de pH care īsi schimba culoarea īn functie de pH-ul solutiei;
   3. masurarea volumului;
   4. masurarea masei;
   
   

FINAL TEST AT LABORATORY
Study of chemical reactions

1. The indicator should be added:
   1. to indicate our safety limits when we dealt with chemicals;
   2. to provide a color change at equivalence point;
   3. in large quantities, according to the principle 'only size matters';
   4. in small quantities, to avoid the errors in observations and in calculations;
   
   
2. The following chemical reactions were used in the experiments:
   1. H₂O + CO₂ -> H₂CO₃
   2. (COOH)₂ + NaOH -> (COONa)₂ + H₂O
   3. KMnO₄ + NaOH -> Na₂MnO₄ + KOH
   4. KMnO₄ + H₂SO₄ -> K₂SO₄ + MnSO₄ + H₂O
   
   
3. In the calculations:
   1. are necessary to take some information from reagent bottles;
   2. are necessary to establish the coefficients of the chemical reaction;
   3. are necessary to draw the tables in our notebooks after completing of the experiment;
   4. are necessary to use our phones;
   
   
4. When a chemical reaction is balanced, following should be considered:
   1. all glassware should be clean before and after conducting the experiment;
   2. all glassware should be clean before, after and during the experiment;
   3. the principle of the conservation of the volume;
   4. the principle of the conservation of the energy;
   
   
5. The equivalence point is:
   1. the point in which a reactive should be added in the burette;
   2. the point in which a reactive should be added in the reaction flask;
   3. used to balance the equation;
   4. the point in which a reactive is fully consumed in the reaction;
   
   

TEST DE FINAL DE LABORATOR
Studiul reactiilor chimice

1. Trebuie adaugat indicatorul:
   1. pentru a indica limitele noastre de siguranta, atunci cānd ne ocupam cu substante chimice;
   2. pentru a oferi o schimbare de culoare la punctul de echivalenta;
   3. īn cantitati mari, īn conformitate cu principiul "doar dimensiunea conteaza";
   4. īn cantitati mici, pentru a evita erorile īn observatii si īn calculele;
   
   
2. Urmatoarele reactii chimice au fost folosite īn experimente:
   1. H₂O + CO₂ -> H₂CO₃
   2. (COOH)₂ + NaOH -> (COONa)₂ + H₂O
   3. KMnO₄ + NaOH -> Na₂MnO₄ + KOH
   4. KMnO₄ + H₂SO₄ -> K₂SO₄ + MnSO₄ + H₂O
   5. KMnO₄ + (COOH)₂ + H₂SO₄ -> K₂SO₄ + MnSO₄ + CO₂ + H₂O
   
   
3. In calcule:
   1. este necesar a se lua unele informatii de pe sticlele de reactivi;
   2. este necesara stabilirea coeficientilor reactiei chimice;
   3. este necesar sa desenam tabelele in caiete dupa finalizarea experimentului;
   4. este necesar sa utilizam telefoanele;
   5. este necesar sa luam rezultatele imediat ce acestea devin disponibile de la colegii nostrii;
   
   
4. Cānd o reactie chimica este echilibrat, ar trebui sa fie luate īn considerare urmatoarele:
   1. toate sticlariile trebuie sa fie curat īnainte si dupa efectuarea experimentului;
   2. toate sticlariile trebuie sa fie curat īnainte, dupa, si īn timpul experimentului;
   3. principiul conservarii volumului;
   4. principiul conservarii energiei;
   
   
5. Punctul de echivalenta este:
   1. punctul īn care ar trebui sa fie adaugat un reactiv īn biureta;
   2. punctul īn care ar trebui sa fie adaugat un reactiv īn balonul de reactie;
   3. folosit pentru a echilibra ecuatia;
   4. punctul īn care un reactiv este consumat complet īn reactie;
   5. indicat atunci cānd o schimbare de culoare se observa īn solutie;
   
   

FINAL TEST AT LABORATORY
Study of chemical reactions

1. A redox process:
   1. is considered to be the following one: KMnO₄ + (COOH)₂ + H₂SO₄ -> K₂SO₄ + MnSO₄ + CO₂ + H₂O
   2. occurs only when we mix wrong substances in the laboratory;
   3. involves changing of the oxidation states of some participants to the reaction;
   4. is considered to be the following one: H₂SO₄ + NaOH -> Na₂SO₄ + H₂O
   
   
2. When a chemical reaction is balanced, following should be considered:
   1. the principle of the conservation of the energy;
   2. the principle of the conservation of the volume;
   3. the principle of the conservation of the number of atoms for each element;
   4. all glassware should be clean before and after conducting the experiment;
   
   
3. The indicator should be added:
   1. only in special cases, when the burette is graded from its bottom to its top;
   2. to indicate our safety limits when we dealt with chemicals;
   3. only at the suggestion of the supervisor;
   4. to provide a color change at equivalence point;
   
   
4. The following chemical reactions were used in the experiments:
   1. H₂O + CO₂ -> H₂CO₃
   2. KMnO₄ + (COOH)₂ + H₂SO₄ -> K₂SO₄ + MnSO₄ + CO₂ + H₂O
   3. (COOH)₂ + NaOH -> (COONa)₂ + H₂O
   4. H₂SO₄ + NaOH -> Na₂SO₄ + H₂O
   
   
5. Reactions between acids and bases:
   1. are all exothermic, being therefore dangerous outside of the laboratory;
   2. have as effect the change of the color of a solution;
   3. have as a consequence the dissolution of a salt;
   4. always have as a consequence the formation of a quantity of water;
   
   

TEST DE FINAL DE LABORATOR
Studiul reactiilor chimice

1. Un proces redox:
   1. este considerat a fi urmatorul: KMnO₄ + (COOH)₂ + H₂SO₄ -> K₂SO₄ + MnSO₄ + CO₂ + H₂O
   2. apare numai atunci cānd se amesteca substante gresit īn laborator;
   3. implica schimbarea a starilor de oxidare ale unor participanti la reactie;
   4. este considerat a fi urmatorul: H₂SO₄ + NaOH -> Na₂SO₄ + H₂O
   
   
2. Cānd o reactie chimica este echilibrat, ar trebui sa fie luate īn considerare urmatoarele:
   1. principiul conservarii energiei;
   2. principiul conservarii volumului;
   3. principiul conservarii numarul de atomi pentru fiecare element;
   4. toate sticlariile trebuie sa fie curat īnainte si dupa efectuarea experimentului;
   5. toate sticlariile trebuie sa fie curat īnainte, dupa, si īn timpul experimentului;
   
   
3. Trebuie adaugat indicatorul:
   1. numai īn cazuri speciale, atunci cānd este biureta gradata de jos in sus;
   2. pentru a indica limitele noastre de siguranta, atunci cānd ne ocupam cu substante chimice;
   3. numai la sugestia supraveghetorului;
   4. pentru a oferi o schimbare de culoare la punctul de echivalenta;
   
   
4. Urmatoarele reactii chimice au fost folosite īn experimente:
   1. H₂O + CO₂ -> H₂CO₃
   2. KMnO₄ + (COOH)₂ + H₂SO₄ -> K₂SO₄ + MnSO₄ + CO₂ + H₂O
   3. (COOH)₂ + NaOH -> (COONa)₂ + H₂O
   4. H₂SO₄ + NaOH -> Na₂SO₄ + H₂O
   
   
5. Reactiile īntre acizi si baze:
   1. sunt toate exoterme, fiind, prin urmare, īn afara laboratorului periculoase;
   2. au ca efect schimbarea culorii unei solutii;
   3. au drept consecinta dizolvarea unei sari;
   4. au īntotdeauna drept consecinta formarea unei cantitati de apa;
   5. sunt īntotdeauna rapide, avānd loc aproape instantaneu;
   
   

FINAL TEST AT LABORATORY
Study of chemical reactions

1. Reactions between acids and bases:
   1. have as a consequence the dissolution of a salt;
   2. are rarely useful, and even rarely used;
   3. are always fast, taking place almost instantaneously;
   4. are all exothermic, being therefore dangerous outside of the laboratory;
   
   
2. A redox process:
   1. involves changing of the oxidation states of some participants to the reaction;
   2. occurs only when we mix wrong substances in the laboratory;
   3. is considered to be the following one: (COOH)₂ + NaOH -> (COONa)₂ + H₂O
   4. is considered to be the following one: H₂SO₄ + NaOH -> Na₂SO₄ + H₂O
   
   
3. When a chemical reaction is balanced, following should be considered:
   1. the liquid in the burette should be at the same level before and after conducting the experiment;
   2. the principle of the conservation of the volume;
   3. the principle of the conservation of the number of atoms for each element;
   4. all glassware should be clean before and after conducting the experiment;
   
   
4. The indicator should be added:
   1. in small quantities, to avoid the errors in observations and in calculations;
   2. only at the suggestion of the supervisor;
   3. to indicate our safety limits when we dealt with chemicals;
   4. only in special cases, when the burette is graded from its bottom to its top;
   
   
5. The following chemical reactions were used in the experiments:
   1. KMnO₄ + (COOH)₂ + H₂SO₄ -> K₂SO₄ + MnSO₄ + CO₂ + H₂O
   2. (COOH)₂ + NaOH -> (COONa)₂ + H₂O
   3. KMnO₄ + H₂SO₄ -> K₂SO₄ + MnSO₄ + H₂O
   4. KMnO₄ + NaOH -> Na₂MnO₄ + KOH
   
   

TEST DE FINAL DE LABORATOR
Studiul reactiilor chimice

1. Reactiile īntre acizi si baze:
   1. au drept consecinta dizolvarea unei sari;
   2. sunt rareori utile, si chiar mai rar utilizate;
   3. sunt īntotdeauna rapide, avānd loc aproape instantaneu;
   4. sunt toate exoterme, fiind, prin urmare, īn afara laboratorului periculoase;
   5. au īntotdeauna drept consecinta formarea unei cantitati de apa;
   
   
2. Un proces redox:
   1. implica schimbarea a starilor de oxidare ale unor participanti la reactie;
   2. apare numai atunci cānd se amesteca substante gresit īn laborator;
   3. este considerat a fi urmatorul: (COOH)₂ + NaOH -> (COONa)₂ + H₂O
   4. este considerat a fi urmatorul: H₂SO₄ + NaOH -> Na₂SO₄ + H₂O
   
   
3. Cānd o reactie chimica este echilibrat, ar trebui sa fie luate īn considerare urmatoarele:
   1. lichidul din biureta ar trebui sa fie la acelasi nivel, īnainte si dupa efectuarea experimentului;
   2. principiul conservarii volumului;
   3. principiul conservarii numarul de atomi pentru fiecare element;
   4. toate sticlariile trebuie sa fie curat īnainte si dupa efectuarea experimentului;
   
   
4. Trebuie adaugat indicatorul:
   1. īn cantitati mici, pentru a evita erorile īn observatii si īn calculele;
   2. numai la sugestia supraveghetorului;
   3. pentru a indica limitele noastre de siguranta, atunci cānd ne ocupam cu substante chimice;
   4. numai īn cazuri speciale, atunci cānd este biureta gradata de jos in sus;
   
   
5. Urmatoarele reactii chimice au fost folosite īn experimente:
   1. KMnO₄ + (COOH)₂ + H₂SO₄ -> K₂SO₄ + MnSO₄ + CO₂ + H₂O
   2. (COOH)₂ + NaOH -> (COONa)₂ + H₂O
   3. KMnO₄ + H₂SO₄ -> K₂SO₄ + MnSO₄ + H₂O
   4. KMnO₄ + NaOH -> Na₂MnO₄ + KOH
   
   

FINAL TEST AT LABORATORY
Water analysis

1. Following reactions may tok place when we analyse a sample of water for total alkalinity:
   1. HCl + PO₄³⁺ -> H₂PO₄⁺ + Cl⁺
   2. HCl + PO₄^3- -> H₂PO₄^- + Cl^-
   3. HCl + HO^- -> H₂O + Cl^-
   4. NaOH + Ni²⁺ -> Ni(OH)₂ + Na⁺
   
   
2. Following reactions may tok place when we analyse a sample of water for mineral acidity:
   1. NaOH + Cl^- -> NaCl + HO^-
   2. NaOH + Zn²⁺ -> Zn(OH)₂ + Na⁺
   3. NaOH + NO₃^- -> NaNO₃ + HO^-
   4. NaOH + Cl⁺ -> NaCl + HO⁺
   
   
3. For a water sample following measures may be quantitatively expressed:
   1. total acidity;
   2. permanent alkalinity;
   3. hardness;
   4. purity;
   
   
4. We may say the followings:
   1. purification of the water may include chemical processes;
   2. water is pure only when is taken from a good freshwater mountain stream;
   3. when water contains dissolved minerals and gases is bad for drinking;
   4. purification of the water may include labeling processes;
   
   
5. Following reactions may tok place when we analyse a sample of water for partial alkalinity:
   1. HCl + CO₃²⁺ -> HCO₃⁺ + Cl⁺
   2. HCl + HO⁺ -> H₂O + Cl⁺
   3. HCl + PO₄³⁺ -> HPO₄²⁺ + Cl⁺
   4. HCl + PO₄^3- -> HPO₄^2- + Cl^-
   
   

TEST DE FINAL DE LABORATOR
Analiza apei

1. Urmatoarele reactii pot avea loc atunci cānd analizam un esantion de apa pentru alcalinitate totala:
   1. HCl + PO₄³⁺ -> H₂PO₄⁺ + Cl⁺
   2. HCl + PO₄^3- -> H₂PO₄^- + Cl^-
   3. HCl + HO^- -> H₂O + Cl^-
   4. NaOH + Ni²⁺ -> Ni(OH)₂ + Na⁺
   5. HCl + CO₃²⁺ -> H₂CO₃ + Cl⁺
   
   
2. Urmatoarele reactii pot avea loc atunci cānd analizam un esantion de apa pentru aciditate minerala:
   1. NaOH + Cl^- -> NaCl + HO^-
   2. NaOH + Zn²⁺ -> Zn(OH)₂ + Na⁺
   3. NaOH + NO₃^- -> NaNO₃ + HO^-
   4. NaOH + Cl⁺ -> NaCl + HO⁺
   5. NaOH + SO₄^2- -> Na₂SO₄ + HO^-
   
   
3. Pentru o proba de apa urmatoarele masuri pot fi exprimate cantitativ:
   1. aciditate totala;
   2. alcalinitate permanenta;
   3. duritate;
   4. puritate;
   
   
4. Putem spune urmatoarele:
   1. purificarea apei poate include procese chimice;
   2. apa este pura doar atunci cānd este luata dintr-un bun izvor de munte de apa dulce;
   3. atunci cānd apa contine minerale dizolvate si gaze este rea pentru baut;
   4. purificarea apei poate include procesele de etichetare;
   5. purificarea apei poate include procedee fizice;
   
   
5. Urmatoarele reactii pot avea loc atunci cānd analizam un esantion de apa pentru alcalinitate partiala:
   1. HCl + CO₃²⁺ -> HCO₃⁺ + Cl⁺
   2. HCl + HO⁺ -> H₂O + Cl⁺
   3. HCl + PO₄³⁺ -> HPO₄²⁺ + Cl⁺
   4. HCl + PO₄^3- -> HPO₄^2- + Cl^-
   
   

FINAL TEST AT LABORATORY
Water analysis

1. Following reactions may tok place when we analyse a sample of water for mineral acidity:
   1. NaOH + Zn²⁺ -> Zn(OH)₂ + Na⁺
   2. NaOH + NO₃^- -> NaNO₃ + HO^-
   3. NaOH + Cl^- -> NaCl + HO^-
   4. NaOH + NO₃⁺ -> NaNO₃ + HO⁺
   
   
2. For a water sample following measures may be quantitatively expressed:
   1. hardness;
   2. purity;
   3. mineral acidity;
   4. color;
   
   
3. We may say the followings:
   1. purification of the water may include chemical processes;
   2. purification of the water may include labeling processes;
   3. purification of the water may include physical processes;
   4. purification of the water may include biological processes;
   
   
4. Following reactions may tok place when we analyse a sample of water for total acidity:
   1. NaOH + HCOO^- -> HCOONa + HO^-
   2. NaOH + HCOO⁺ -> HCOONa + HO⁺
   3. NaOH + CO₃²⁺ -> NaHCO₃⁺ + HO⁺
   4. NaOH + Cu²⁺ -> Cu(OH)₂ + Na⁺
   
   
5. EDTA is used:
   1. for complexing of Na¹⁺ and K¹⁺ ions;
   2. for complexing of Ca²⁺ and Mg²⁺ ions;
   3. for indication of the equilibrium point in the reaction;
   4. for recharging of the resin for water softening;
   
   

TEST DE FINAL DE LABORATOR
Analiza apei

1. Urmatoarele reactii pot avea loc atunci cānd analizam un esantion de apa pentru aciditate minerala:
   1. NaOH + Zn²⁺ -> Zn(OH)₂ + Na⁺
   2. NaOH + NO₃^- -> NaNO₃ + HO^-
   3. NaOH + Cl^- -> NaCl + HO^-
   4. NaOH + NO₃⁺ -> NaNO₃ + HO⁺
   5. NaOH + SO₄²⁺ -> Na₂SO₄ + HO⁺
   
   
2. Pentru o proba de apa urmatoarele masuri pot fi exprimate cantitativ:
   1. duritate;
   2. puritate;
   3. aciditate minerala;
   4. culoare;
   5. aciditate totala;
   
   
3. Putem spune urmatoarele:
   1. purificarea apei poate include procese chimice;
   2. purificarea apei poate include procesele de etichetare;
   3. purificarea apei poate include procedee fizice;
   4. purificarea apei poate include procese biologice;
   
   
4. Urmatoarele reactii pot avea loc atunci cānd analizam un esantion de apa pentru aciditate totala:
   1. NaOH + HCOO^- -> HCOONa + HO^-
   2. NaOH + HCOO⁺ -> HCOONa + HO⁺
   3. NaOH + CO₃²⁺ -> HCO₃⁺ + HO⁺
   4. NaOH + Cu²⁺ -> Cu(OH)₂ + Na⁺
   5. NaOH + CH₃COO^- -> CH₃COONa+HO^-
   
   
5. EDTA este utilizat:
   1. pentru complexarea ionilor de Na^{1 +}si K^{1 +};
   2. pentru complexarea ionilor de Ca^{2 +}si Mg^{2 +};
   3. pentru indicarea punctului de echilibru īn reactie;
   4. pentru reīncarcarea rasinii la dedurizarea apei;
   
   

FINAL TEST AT LABORATORY
Water analysis

1. EDTA is used:
   1. for complexing of Na¹⁺ and K¹⁺ ions;
   2. for recharging of the resin for water softening;
   3. for complexing of Ca²⁺ and Mg²⁺ ions;
   4. for indication of the equilibrium point in the reaction;
   
   
2. Following reactions may tok place when we analyse a sample of water for total alkalinity:
   1. HCl + PO₄^3- -> H₂PO₄^- + Cl^-
   2. HCl + HO^- -> H₂O + Cl^-
   3. HCl + PO₄³⁺ -> H₂PO₄⁺ + Cl⁺
   4. HCl + CO₃²⁺ -> H₂CO₃ + Cl⁺
   
   
3. In the laboratory the water were:
   1. acidified for drinking purposes;
   2. hardened using the resin column;
   3. complexed by using EDTA titrimetric method;
   4. alkalinized for drinking purposes;
   
   
4. Following reactions may tok place when we analyse a sample of water for partial alkalinity:
   1. HCl + CO₃^2- -> HCO₃^- + Cl^-
   2. HCl + CO₃²⁺ -> HCO₃⁺ + Cl⁺
   3. HCl + HO⁺ -> H₂O + Cl⁺
   4. HCl + PO₄³⁺ -> HPO₄²⁺ + Cl⁺
   
   
5. Following reactions may tok place when we analyse a sample of water for mineral acidity:
   1. NaOH + Cl⁺ -> NaCl + HO⁺
   2. NaOH + SO₄²⁺ -> Na₂SO₄ + HO⁺
   3. NaOH + Cl^- -> NaCl + HO^-
   4. NaOH + Zn²⁺ -> Zn(OH)₂ + Na⁺
   
   

TEST DE FINAL DE LABORATOR
Analiza apei

1. EDTA este utilizat:
   1. pentru complexarea ionilor de Na^{1 +}si K^{1 +};
   2. pentru reīncarcarea rasinii la dedurizarea apei;
   3. pentru complexarea ionilor de Ca^{2 +}si Mg^{2 +};
   4. pentru indicarea punctului de echilibru īn reactie;
   5. ca reactiv pentru determinarea duritatii apei;
   
   
2. Urmatoarele reactii pot avea loc atunci cānd analizam un esantion de apa pentru alcalinitate totala:
   1. HCl + PO₄^3- -> H₂PO₄^- + Cl^-
   2. HCl + HO^- -> H₂O + Cl^-
   3. HCl + PO₄³⁺ -> H₂PO₄⁺ + Cl⁺
   4. HCl + CO₃²⁺ -> H₂CO₃ + Cl⁺
   
   
3. In laborator apa au fost:
   1. acidulata pentru baut;
   2. calita folosind coloana de rasina;
   3. complexata prin metoda titrimetrica EDTA;
   4. alcalinizeaza pentru baut;
   5. dedurizata folosind coloana de rasina;
   
   
4. Urmatoarele reactii pot avea loc atunci cānd analizam un esantion de apa pentru alcalinitate partiala:
   1. HCl + CO₃^2- -> HCO₃^- + Cl^-
   2. HCl + CO₃²⁺ -> HCO₃⁺ + Cl⁺
   3. HCl + HO⁺ -> H₂O + Cl⁺
   4. HCl + PO₄³⁺ -> HPO₄²⁺ + Cl⁺
   
   
5. Urmatoarele reactii pot avea loc atunci cānd analizam un esantion de apa pentru aciditate minerala:
   1. NaOH + Cl⁺ -> NaCl + HO⁺
   2. NaOH + SO₄²⁺ -> Na₂SO₄ + HO⁺
   3. NaOH + Cl^- -> NaCl + HO^-
   4. NaOH + Zn²⁺ -> Zn(OH)₂ + Na⁺
   5. NaOH + NO₃⁺ -> NaNO₃ + HO⁺
   
   

FINAL TEST AT LABORATORY
Water analysis

1. In the laboratory the water were:
   1. acidified for drinking purposes;
   2. complexed by using EDTA titrimetric method;
   3. softened using the resin column;
   4. alkalinized for drinking purposes;
   
   
2. For a water sample following measures may be quantitatively expressed:
   1. color;
   2. hardness;
   3. total acidity;
   4. mineral acidity;
   
   
3. In the laboratory were analyzed:
   1. the acidity of the water;
   2. the mass of the water;
   3. the boiling point of the water;
   4. the alkalinity of the water;
   
   
4. Following reactions may tok place when we analyse a sample of water for total alkalinity:
   1. HCl + PO₄³⁺ -> H₂PO₄⁺ + Cl⁺
   2. HCl + HO^- -> H₂O + Cl^-
   3. NaOH + Ni²⁺ -> Ni(OH)₂ + Na⁺
   4. HCl + PO₄^3- -> H₂PO₄^- + Cl^-
   
   
5. Following reactions may tok place when we analyse a sample of water for partial alkalinity:
   1. HCl + HO⁺ -> H₂O + Cl⁺
   2. HCl + CO₃²⁺ -> HCO₃⁺ + Cl⁺
   3. HCl + PO₄^3- -> HPO₄^2- + Cl^-
   4. HCl + CO₃^2- -> HCO₃^- + Cl^-
   
   

TEST DE FINAL DE LABORATOR
Analiza apei

1. In laborator apa au fost:
   1. acidulata pentru baut;
   2. complexata prin metoda titrimetrica EDTA;
   3. dedurizata folosind coloana de rasina;
   4. alcalinizeaza pentru baut;
   
   
2. Pentru o proba de apa urmatoarele masuri pot fi exprimate cantitativ:
   1. culoare;
   2. duritate;
   3. aciditate totala;
   4. aciditate minerala;
   5. alcalinitate permanenta;
   
   
3. Īn laborator au fost analizate:
   1. aciditatea apei;
   2. masa apei;
   3. punctul de fierbere al apei;
   4. alcalinitatea apei;
   
   
4. Urmatoarele reactii pot avea loc atunci cānd analizam un esantion de apa pentru alcalinitate totala:
   1. HCl + PO₄³⁺ -> H₂PO₄⁺ + Cl⁺
   2. HCl + HO^- -> H₂O + Cl^-
   3. NaOH + Ni²⁺ -> Ni(OH)₂ + Na⁺
   4. HCl + PO₄^3- -> H₂PO₄^- + Cl^-
   5. HCl + CO₃²⁺ -> H₂CO₃ + Cl⁺
   
   
5. Urmatoarele reactii pot avea loc atunci cānd analizam un esantion de apa pentru alcalinitate partiala:
   1. HCl + HO⁺ -> H₂O + Cl⁺
   2. HCl + CO₃²⁺ -> HCO₃⁺ + Cl⁺
   3. HCl + PO₄^3- -> HPO₄^2- + Cl^-
   4. HCl + CO₃^2- -> HCO₃^- + Cl^-
   5. HCl + HO^- -> H₂O+Cl^-
   
   

FINAL TEST AT LABORATORY
Water analysis

1. Following reactions may tok place when we analyse a sample of water for total acidity:
   1. NaOH + CO₃^2- -> NaHCO₃^- + HO^-
   2. NaOH + CH₃COO^- -> CH₃COONa + HO^-
   3. NaOH + Cu²⁺ -> Cu(OH)₂ + Na⁺
   4. NaOH + CO₃²⁺ -> NaHCO₃⁺ + HO⁺
   
   
2. Following reactions may tok place when we analyse a sample of water for partial alkalinity:
   1. HCl + PO₄^3- -> HPO₄^2- + Cl^-
   2. HCl + PO₄³⁺ -> HPO₄²⁺ + Cl⁺
   3. HCl + HO⁺ -> H₂O + Cl⁺
   4. HCl + CO₃^2- -> HCO₃^- + Cl^-
   
   
3. Following reactions may tok place when we analyse a sample of water for mineral acidity:
   1. NaOH + NO₃⁺ -> NaNO₃ + HO⁺
   2. NaOH + Cl⁺ -> NaCl + HO⁺
   3. NaOH + NO₃^- -> NaNO₃ + HO^-
   4. NaOH + SO₄^2- -> Na₂SO₄ + HO^-
   
   
4. In the laboratory were analyzed:
   1. the softness of the water;
   2. the hardness of the water;
   3. the concentration of the water;
   4. the acidity of the water;
   
   
5. In the laboratory the water were:
   1. acidified for drinking purposes;
   2. complexed by using EDTA titrimetric method;
   3. biologically purified using the resin column;
   4. alkalinized for drinking purposes;
   
   

TEST DE FINAL DE LABORATOR
Analiza apei

1. Urmatoarele reactii pot avea loc atunci cānd analizam un esantion de apa pentru aciditate totala:
   1. NaOH + CO₃^2- -> HCO₃^- + HO^-
   2. NaOH + CH₃COO^- -> CH₃COONa+HO^-
   3. NaOH + Cu²⁺ -> Cu(OH)₂ + Na⁺
   4. NaOH + CO₃²⁺ -> HCO₃⁺ + HO⁺
   
   
2. Urmatoarele reactii pot avea loc atunci cānd analizam un esantion de apa pentru alcalinitate partiala:
   1. HCl + PO₄^3- -> HPO₄^2- + Cl^-
   2. HCl + PO₄³⁺ -> HPO₄²⁺ + Cl⁺
   3. HCl + HO⁺ -> H₂O + Cl⁺
   4. HCl + CO₃^2- -> HCO₃^- + Cl^-
   
   
3. Urmatoarele reactii pot avea loc atunci cānd analizam un esantion de apa pentru aciditate minerala:
   1. NaOH + NO₃⁺ -> NaNO₃ + HO⁺
   2. NaOH + Cl⁺ -> NaCl + HO⁺
   3. NaOH + NO₃^- -> NaNO₃ + HO^-
   4. NaOH + SO₄^2- -> Na₂SO₄ + HO^-
   5. NaOH + Cl^- -> NaCl + HO^-
   
   
4. Īn laborator au fost analizate:
   1. moliciunea apei;
   2. duritatea apei;
   3. concentratia apei;
   4. aciditatea apei;
   5. alcalinitatea apei;
   
   
5. In laborator apa au fost:
   1. acidulata pentru baut;
   2. complexata prin metoda titrimetrica EDTA;
   3. purificata biologic utilizānd coloana de rasina;
   4. alcalinizeaza pentru baut;
   5. calita folosind coloana de rasina;
   
   

FINAL TEST AT LABORATORY
Volumetric and gravimetric methods in study of corrosion

1. Corrosion of metals:
   1. is helping in the process of cleaning the metals surfaces;
   2. takes place merely from exposure to moisture in air;
   3. can be reduced by electroplating;
   4. may provide useful raw materials for analysis;
   
   
2. The zinc plate:
   1. the volume is measured before and after immersing it in H₂SO₄;
   2. was involved in the volumetric method of corrosion analysis
   3. was involved in the gravimetric method of corrosion analysis
   4. is expected to have approximately the same mass at the end of the semester as at the beginning of it;
   
   
3. Which of the following reactions may be called as of corrosion:
   1. H₂O + HO^- + Al -> H₂ + Al(OH)₄^-
   2. ZnO + CO -> Zn + CO₂
   3. ZnO + H₂SO₄ -> ZnSO₄ + H₂O
   4. H⁺ + Zn -> H₂ + Zn²⁺
   
   
4. In studied corrosion processes:
   1. a gas is released only the corrosion of zinc;
   2. a gas is released at both corrosion of zinc and aluminum;
   3. the metal it changes its oxidation state becoming an cation;
   4. the metal it changes its oxidation state becoming an anion;
   
   
5. The aluminum plate:
   1. the mass is measured before and after immersing it in NaOH;
   2. the surface is measured before and after immersing it in NaOH;
   3. was corroded in sodium hydroxide solution;
   4. was involved in the gravimetric method of corrosion analysis
   
   

TEST DE FINAL DE LABORATOR
Metode volumetrice si gravimetrice in studiul coroziunii

1. Coroziunea metalelor:
   1. este de ajutor īn procesul de curatare a suprafetelor metalelor;
   2. are loc pur si simplu prin expunerea la umiditate īn aer;
   3. poate fi redusa prin galvanizare;
   4. poate furniza materii prime utile pentru analiza;
   
   
2. Pentru placa de zinc:
   1. volumul se masoara īnainte si dupa imersia īn H₂SO₄;
   2. a fost implicata īn metoda volumetrica de analiza a coroziunii
   3. a fost implicata īn metoda gravimetrica de analiza a coroziunii
   4. este de asteptat sa aiba aproximativ aceeasi masa la sfārsitul semestrului ca la īnceputul acestuia;
   5. masa este masurata īnainte si dupa imersia īn H₂SO₄;
   
   
3. Care dintre urmatoarele reactii pot fi numite ca fiind de coroziune:
   1. H₂O + HO^- + Al -> H₂ + Al(OH)₄^-
   2. ZnO + CO -> Zn + CO₂
   3. ZnO + H₂SO₄ -> ZnSO₄ + H₂O
   4. H⁺ + Zn -> H₂ + Zn²⁺
   
   
4. Īn procesele de coroziune studiate:
   1. un gaz este eliberat numai la corodarea zincului;
   2. un gaz este eliberat la ambele coroziuni ale zincului si aluminiului;
   3. metalul isi schimba starea de oxidare pentru a deveni un cation;
   4. metalul isi schimba starea de oxidare pentru a deveni un anion;
   5. īntotdeauna metalul isi schimba starea de oxidare;
   
   
5. Pentru placa de aluminiu:
   1. masa este masurata īnainte si dupa imersia īn NaOH;
   2. suprafata se masoara īnainte si dupa imersia īn NaOH;
   3. a fost corodata īn solutie de hidroxid de sodiu;
   4. a fost implicata īn metoda gravimetrica de analiza a coroziunii
   
   

FINAL TEST AT LABORATORY
Volumetric and gravimetric methods in study of corrosion

1. In studied corrosion processes:
   1. a gas is released at both corrosion of zinc and aluminum;
   2. a gas is released only the corrosion of aluminum;
   3. a gas is released only the corrosion of zinc;
   4. the metal it changes its oxidation state becoming an cation;
   
   
2. The aluminum plate:
   1. was involved in the gravimetric method of corrosion analysis
   2. was degreased in sodium hydroxide solution;
   3. was involved in the volumetric method of corrosion analysis
   4. the volume is measured before and after immersing it in NaOH;
   
   
3. The zinc plate:
   1. was involved in the gravimetric method of corrosion analysis
   2. was corroded in sulfuric solution;
   3. is expected to have approximately the same mass at the end of the semester as at the beginning of it;
   4. the volume is measured before and after immersing it in H₂SO₄;
   
   
4. Which of the following reactions may be called as of corrosion:
   1. H₂O + HO^- + Al -> H₂ + Al(OH)₄^-
   2. H⁺ + Ni -> H₂ + Ni²⁺
   3. ZnO + CO -> Zn + CO₂
   4. Fe₂O₃ + CO -> Fe + CO₂
   
   
5. Corrosion of metals:
   1. can be reduced by passivation;
   2. may provide useful raw materials for analysis;
   3. can be reduced by electroplating;
   4. is the protection in time to chemical agents;
   
   

TEST DE FINAL DE LABORATOR
Metode volumetrice si gravimetrice in studiul coroziunii

1. Īn procesele de coroziune studiate:
   1. un gaz este eliberat la ambele coroziuni ale zincului si aluminiului;
   2. un gaz este eliberat numai la corodarea aluminiului;
   3. un gaz este eliberat numai la corodarea zincului;
   4. metalul isi schimba starea de oxidare pentru a deveni un cation;
   
   
2. Pentru placa de aluminiu:
   1. a fost implicata īn metoda gravimetrica de analiza a coroziunii
   2. a fost degresata īn solutie de hidroxid de sodiu;
   3. a fost implicata īn metoda volumetrica de analiza a coroziunii
   4. volumul se masoara īnainte si dupa imersia īn NaOH;
   
   
3. Pentru placa de zinc:
   1. a fost implicata īn metoda gravimetrica de analiza a coroziunii
   2. a fost corodata īn solutie sulfuric;
   3. este de asteptat sa aiba aproximativ aceeasi masa la sfārsitul semestrului ca la īnceputul acestuia;
   4. volumul se masoara īnainte si dupa imersia īn H₂SO₄;
   
   
4. Care dintre urmatoarele reactii pot fi numite ca fiind de coroziune:
   1. H₂O + HO^- + Al -> H₂ + Al(OH)₄^-
   2. H⁺ + Ni -> H₂ + Ni²⁺
   3. ZnO + CO -> Zn + CO₂
   4. Fe₂O₃ + CO -> Fe + CO₂
   5. H⁺ + Zn -> H₂ + Zn²⁺
   
   
5. Coroziunea metalelor:
   1. poate fi redusa prin pasivare;
   2. poate furniza materii prime utile pentru analiza;
   3. poate fi redusa prin galvanizare;
   4. este protectia de durata impotriva agentilor chimici;
   5. este distrugerea metalelor sub actiunea factorilor externi;
   
   

FINAL TEST AT LABORATORY
Volumetric and gravimetric methods in study of corrosion

1. Which of the following reactions may be called as of corrosion:
   1. Fe₂O₃ + CO -> Fe + CO₂
   2. ZnO + H₂SO₄ -> ZnSO₄ + H₂O
   3. Al₂O₃ + NaOH -> NaAlO₂
   4. H⁺ + Zn -> H₂ + Zn²⁺
   
   
2. The zinc plate:
   1. was degreased in sulfuric acid solution;
   2. was corroded in sulfuric solution;
   3. was involved in the volumetric method of corrosion analysis
   4. the mass is measured before and after immersing it in H₂SO₄;
   
   
3. In studied corrosion processes:
   1. the metal it changes its oxidation state becoming an anion;
   2. a gas is released at both corrosion of zinc and aluminum;
   3. a gas is released only the corrosion of aluminum;
   4. a gas is released only the corrosion of zinc;
   
   
4. The aluminum plate:
   1. is expected to have approximately the same mass at the end of the semester as at the beginning of it;
   2. was corroded in sodium hydroxide solution;
   3. was involved in the gravimetric method of corrosion analysis
   4. was involved in the volumetric method of corrosion analysis
   
   
5. Corrosion of metals:
   1. can be reduced by passivation;
   2. takes place merely from exposure to moisture in air;
   3. is the destruction of metals under the action of external factors;
   4. is helping in the process of cleaning the metals surfaces;
   
   

TEST DE FINAL DE LABORATOR
Metode volumetrice si gravimetrice in studiul coroziunii

1. Care dintre urmatoarele reactii pot fi numite ca fiind de coroziune:
   1. Fe₂O₃ + CO -> Fe + CO₂
   2. ZnO + H₂SO₄ -> ZnSO₄ + H₂O
   3. Al₂O₃ + NaOH -> NaAlO₂
   4. H⁺ + Zn -> H₂ + Zn²⁺
   
   
2. Pentru placa de zinc:
   1. a fost degresata īn solutie de acid sulfuric;
   2. a fost corodata īn solutie sulfuric;
   3. a fost implicata īn metoda volumetrica de analiza a coroziunii
   4. masa este masurata īnainte si dupa imersia īn H₂SO₄;
   
   
3. Īn procesele de coroziune studiate:
   1. metalul isi schimba starea de oxidare pentru a deveni un anion;
   2. un gaz este eliberat la ambele coroziuni ale zincului si aluminiului;
   3. un gaz este eliberat numai la corodarea aluminiului;
   4. un gaz este eliberat numai la corodarea zincului;
   5. īntotdeauna metalul isi schimba starea de oxidare;
   
   
4. Pentru placa de aluminiu:
   1. este de asteptat sa aiba aproximativ aceeasi masa la sfārsitul semestrului ca la īnceputul acestuia;
   2. a fost corodata īn solutie de hidroxid de sodiu;
   3. a fost implicata īn metoda gravimetrica de analiza a coroziunii
   4. a fost implicata īn metoda volumetrica de analiza a coroziunii
   5. volumul se masoara īnainte si dupa imersia īn NaOH;
   
   
5. Coroziunea metalelor:
   1. poate fi redusa prin pasivare;
   2. are loc pur si simplu prin expunerea la umiditate īn aer;
   3. este distrugerea metalelor sub actiunea factorilor externi;
   4. este de ajutor īn procesul de curatare a suprafetelor metalelor;
   5. poate furniza materii prime utile pentru analiza;
   
   

FINAL TEST AT LABORATORY
Volumetric and gravimetric methods in study of corrosion

1. The zinc plate:
   1. is expected to have approximately the same mass at the end of the semester as at the beginning of it;
   2. the volume is measured before and after immersing it in H₂SO₄;
   3. was involved in the gravimetric method of corrosion analysis
   4. was corroded in sulfuric solution;
   
   
2. In studied corrosion processes:
   1. a gas is released at both corrosion of zinc and aluminum;
   2. always the metal changes its oxidation state;
   3. a gas is released only the corrosion of zinc;
   4. when a gas is released its volume depends on the amount of metal corroded;
   
   
3. The aluminum plate:
   1. the volume is measured before and after immersing it in NaOH;
   2. was corroded in sodium hydroxide solution;
   3. is expected to have approximately the same mass at the end of the semester as at the beginning of it;
   4. the surface is measured before and after immersing it in NaOH;
   
   
4. Corrosion of metals:
   1. is the destruction of metals under the action of external factors;
   2. takes place merely from exposure to moisture in air;
   3. can be reduced by passivation;
   4. can be reduced by electroplating;
   
   
5. Which of the following reactions may be called as of corrosion:
   1. H₂O + HO^- + Al -> H₂ + Al(OH)₄^-
   2. Ni(CO)₄ -> Ni + CO
   3. Al₂O₃ + NaOH -> NaAlO₂
   4. ZnO + H₂SO₄ -> ZnSO₄ + H₂O
   
   

TEST DE FINAL DE LABORATOR
Metode volumetrice si gravimetrice in studiul coroziunii

1. Pentru placa de zinc:
   1. este de asteptat sa aiba aproximativ aceeasi masa la sfārsitul semestrului ca la īnceputul acestuia;
   2. volumul se masoara īnainte si dupa imersia īn H₂SO₄;
   3. a fost implicata īn metoda gravimetrica de analiza a coroziunii
   4. a fost corodata īn solutie sulfuric;
   
   
2. Īn procesele de coroziune studiate:
   1. un gaz este eliberat la ambele coroziuni ale zincului si aluminiului;
   2. īntotdeauna metalul isi schimba starea de oxidare;
   3. un gaz este eliberat numai la corodarea zincului;
   4. atunci cānd un gaz este eliberat volumul sau depinde de cantitatea de metal corodat;
   
   
3. Pentru placa de aluminiu:
   1. volumul se masoara īnainte si dupa imersia īn NaOH;
   2. a fost corodata īn solutie de hidroxid de sodiu;
   3. este de asteptat sa aiba aproximativ aceeasi masa la sfārsitul semestrului ca la īnceputul acestuia;
   4. suprafata se masoara īnainte si dupa imersia īn NaOH;
   5. masa este masurata īnainte si dupa imersia īn NaOH;
   
   
4. Coroziunea metalelor:
   1. este distrugerea metalelor sub actiunea factorilor externi;
   2. are loc pur si simplu prin expunerea la umiditate īn aer;
   3. poate fi redusa prin pasivare;
   4. poate fi redusa prin galvanizare;
   
   
5. Care dintre urmatoarele reactii pot fi numite ca fiind de coroziune:
   1. H₂O + HO^- + Al -> H₂ + Al(OH)₄^-
   2. Ni(CO)₄ -> Ni + CO
   3. Al₂O₃ + NaOH -> NaAlO₂
   4. ZnO + H₂SO₄ -> ZnSO₄ + H₂O
   5. H⁺ + Fe -> H₂ + Fe²⁺
   
   

FINAL TEST AT LABORATORY
Volumetric and gravimetric methods in study of corrosion

1. Corrosion of metals:
   1. is the protection in time to chemical agents;
   2. is a beneficial process that shows the stability of metals;
   3. may provide useful raw materials for analysis;
   4. can be reduced by passivation;
   
   
2. In studied corrosion processes:
   1. when a gas is released its volume depends on the amount of metal corroded;
   2. a gas is released at both corrosion of zinc and aluminum;
   3. the metal it changes its oxidation state becoming an anion;
   4. always the metal changes its oxidation state;
   
   
3. The aluminum plate:
   1. the mass is measured before and after immersing it in NaOH;
   2. was involved in the gravimetric method of corrosion analysis
   3. the volume is measured before and after immersing it in NaOH;
   4. the surface is measured before and after immersing it in NaOH;
   
   
4. Which of the following reactions may be called as of corrosion:
   1. H⁺ + Zn -> H₂ + Zn²⁺
   2. H₂O + HO^- + Al -> H₂ + Al(OH)₄^-
   3. H⁺ + Fe -> H₂ + Fe²⁺
   4. Ni(CO)₄ -> Ni + CO
   
   
5. The zinc plate:
   1. the volume is measured before and after immersing it in H₂SO₄;
   2. the surface is measured before and after immersing it in H₂SO₄;
   3. was involved in the volumetric method of corrosion analysis
   4. was involved in the gravimetric method of corrosion analysis
   
   

TEST DE FINAL DE LABORATOR
Metode volumetrice si gravimetrice in studiul coroziunii

1. Coroziunea metalelor:
   1. este protectia de durata impotriva agentilor chimici;
   2. este un proces benefic care arata stabilitatea metalelor;
   3. poate furniza materii prime utile pentru analiza;
   4. poate fi redusa prin pasivare;
   5. este distrugerea metalelor sub actiunea factorilor externi;
   
   
2. Īn procesele de coroziune studiate:
   1. atunci cānd un gaz este eliberat volumul sau depinde de cantitatea de metal corodat;
   2. un gaz este eliberat la ambele coroziuni ale zincului si aluminiului;
   3. metalul isi schimba starea de oxidare pentru a deveni un anion;
   4. īntotdeauna metalul isi schimba starea de oxidare;
   5. un gaz este eliberat numai la corodarea aluminiului;
   
   
3. Pentru placa de aluminiu:
   1. masa este masurata īnainte si dupa imersia īn NaOH;
   2. a fost implicata īn metoda gravimetrica de analiza a coroziunii
   3. volumul se masoara īnainte si dupa imersia īn NaOH;
   4. suprafata se masoara īnainte si dupa imersia īn NaOH;
   
   
4. Care dintre urmatoarele reactii pot fi numite ca fiind de coroziune:
   1. H⁺ + Zn -> H₂ + Zn²⁺
   2. H₂O + HO^- + Al -> H₂ + Al(OH)₄^-
   3. H⁺ + Fe -> H₂ + Fe²⁺
   4. Ni(CO)₄ -> Ni + CO
   5. Al₂O₃ + NaOH -> NaAlO₂
   
   
5. Pentru placa de zinc:
   1. volumul se masoara īnainte si dupa imersia īn H₂SO₄;
   2. suprafata se masoara īnainte si dupa imersia īn H₂SO₄;
   3. a fost implicata īn metoda volumetrica de analiza a coroziunii
   4. a fost implicata īn metoda gravimetrica de analiza a coroziunii
   5. este de asteptat sa aiba aproximativ aceeasi masa la sfārsitul semestrului ca la īnceputul acestuia;
   
   

FINAL TEST AT LABORATORY
Nickel corrosion protective electroplating

1. It is expected to have a mass of nickel deposited:
   1. inversely proportional with the nickel plating time;
   2. proportional with the surface of the sample;
   3. higher than the calculated theoretical one;
   4. proportional with the intensity of the current used;
   
   
2. The intensity of the current:
   1. affect only the quantity of the nickel deposition;
   2. should be adjusted by the technicians, we have nothing to do there;
   3. is to be calculated after conducting the experiment;
   4. it depends on the surface of the sample;
   
   
3. At the nickel plating following reactions took place:
   1. at high densities of current oxygen anions (O^2-) have the tendency to discharge at the cathode: O^2- - 2e^- -> O₂⁰
   2. at anode (+), connected with nickel piece, Ni²⁺ + 2e^- -> Ni⁰
   3. at cathode (-), connected with metallic piece, Ni²⁺ + 2e^- -> Ni⁰
   4. at anode (+), connected with nickel piece, Ni⁰ - 2e^- -> Ni²⁺
   
   
4. Theoretical mass of nickel deposited is calculated using:
   1. law of mass action;
   2. the conservation of the number of atoms for each element law;
   3. perfect gas law;
   4. the electrolysis law;
   
   
5. Electrical conductivity of nickel salts solutions:
   1. is relatively small;
   2. is reduced by salts additions;
   3. is improved by salts additions;
   4. is relatively high;
   
   

TEST DE FINAL DE LABORATOR
Electrodepunerea nichelului protectiva impotriva coroziunii

1. Este de asteptat ca masa de nichel depus sa fie:
   1. invers proportional cu timpul de nichelare;
   2. proportionala cu suprafata probei;
   3. mai mare decāt cea teoretica calculata;
   4. proportionala cu intensitatea curentului utilizat;
   
   
2. Intensitatea curentului:
   1. afecteaza numai cantitatea de nichel depus;
   2. ar trebui sa fie ajustata de catre tehnicieni, nu avem nimic de a face acolo;
   3. se calculeaza dupa efectuarea experimentului;
   4. depinde de suprafata probei;
   5. trebuie sa fie calculata īnainte de a īncepe experimentul;
   
   
3. La nichelare urmatoarele reactii au avut loc:
   1. la densitati mari de curent anionii de oxigen (O^2-) au tendinta de a descarca la catod: O^2- - 2e^- -> O₂⁰
   2. la anod (+), īn legatura cu piesa de nichel, Ni²⁺ + 2e^- -> Ni⁰
   3. la catod (-), īn contact cu piesa metalica, Ni²⁺ + 2e^- -> Ni⁰
   4. la anod (+), īn contact cu piesa de nichel, Ni⁰ - 2e^- -> Ni²⁺
   
   
4. Masa teoretica de nichel depus se calculeaza folosind:
   1. legea actiunii maselor;
   2. conservarea numarului de atomi pentru fiecare element;
   3. legea gazelor perfecte;
   4. legea electrolizei;
   5. legea solutilor;
   
   
5. Conductivitatea electrica a solutiilor de saruri de nichel:
   1. este relativ mica;
   2. este redusa prin adaosuri de saruri;
   3. este īmbunatatita prin adaosuri de saruri;
   4. este relativ mare;
   
   

FINAL TEST AT LABORATORY
Nickel corrosion protective electroplating

1. Theoretical mass of nickel deposited is calculated using:
   1. solutions laws;
   2. the conservation of the energy law;
   3. the conservation of the number of atoms for each element law;
   4. the electrolysis law;
   
   
2. Electrical conductivity of nickel salts solutions:
   1. is relatively small;
   2. depends on the potential of the source used;
   3. is improved by salts additions;
   4. depends on the intensity of the current used;
   
   
3. At the nickel plating following reactions took place:
   1. at cathode (-), connected with metallic piece, Ni⁰ - 2e^- -> Ni²⁺
   2. at high densities of current oxygen anions (O^2-) have the tendency to discharge at the cathode: O^2- - 2e^- -> O₂⁰
   3. at high densities of current oxygen anions (O^2-) have the tendency to discharge at the anode: O^2- - 2e^- -> O₂⁰
   4. at anode (+), connected with nickel piece, Ni⁰ - 2e^- -> Ni²⁺
   
   
4. The intensity of the current:
   1. is to be calculated before to start the experiment;
   2. is to be calculated after conducting the experiment;
   3. affect only the quality of the nickel deposition;
   4. affect only the quantity of the nickel deposition;
   
   
5. It is expected to have a mass of nickel deposited:
   1. much lower than the calculated theoretical one;
   2. inversely proportional with the surface of the sample;
   3. much higher than the calculated theoretical one;
   4. proportional with the intensity of the current used;
   
   

TEST DE FINAL DE LABORATOR
Electrodepunerea nichelului protectiva impotriva coroziunii

1. Masa teoretica de nichel depus se calculeaza folosind:
   1. legea solutilor;
   2. legea conservarii energiei;
   3. conservarea numarului de atomi pentru fiecare element;
   4. legea electrolizei;
   5. legea gazelor perfecte;
   
   
2. Conductivitatea electrica a solutiilor de saruri de nichel:
   1. este relativ mica;
   2. depinde de potentialul sursei utilizate;
   3. este īmbunatatita prin adaosuri de saruri;
   4. depinde de intensitatea curentului utilizat;
   
   
3. La nichelare urmatoarele reactii au avut loc:
   1. la catod (-), īn legatura cu piesa metalica, Ni⁰ - 2e^- -> Ni²⁺
   2. la densitati mari de curent anionii de oxigen (O^2-) au tendinta de a descarca la catod: O^2- - 2e^- -> O₂⁰
   3. la densitati mari de curent anionii de oxigen (O^2-) au tendinta de a descarca la anod: O^2- - 2e^- -> O₂⁰
   4. la anod (+), īn contact cu piesa de nichel, Ni⁰ - 2e^- -> Ni²⁺
   
   
4. Intensitatea curentului:
   1. trebuie sa fie calculata īnainte de a īncepe experimentul;
   2. se calculeaza dupa efectuarea experimentului;
   3. afecteaza numai calitatea depunerii nichelului;
   4. afecteaza numai cantitatea de nichel depus;
   5. ar trebui sa fie ajustata de catre tehnicieni, nu avem nimic de a face acolo;
   
   
5. Este de asteptat ca masa de nichel depus sa fie:
   1. mult mai mica decāt cea teoretica calculata;
   2. invers proportionala cu suprafata probei;
   3. mult mai mare decāt cea teoretica calculata;
   4. proportionala cu intensitatea curentului utilizat;
   5. mai mica decāt cea teoretica calculata;
   
   

FINAL TEST AT LABORATORY
Nickel corrosion protective electroplating

1. Electrical conductivity of nickel salts solutions:
   1. is relatively high;
   2. is improved by salts additions;
   3. depends on the potential of the source used;
   4. is reduced by salts additions;
   
   
2. At the nickel plating following reactions took place:
   1. at high densities of current oxygen anions (O^2-) have the tendency to discharge at the cathode: O^2- - 2e^- -> O₂⁰
   2. at cathode (-), connected with metallic piece, Ni⁰ - 2e^- -> Ni²⁺
   3. at anode (+), connected with nickel piece, Ni⁰ - 2e^- -> Ni²⁺
   4. at high densities of current oxygen anions (O^2-) have the tendency to discharge at the anode: O^2- - 2e^- -> O₂⁰
   
   
3. The intensity of the current:
   1. does not affect the quality nor the quantity of the nickel deposition;
   2. should be adjusted by the technicians, we have nothing to do there;
   3. is to be adjusted when the experiment starts;
   4. affect only the quality of the nickel deposition;
   
   
4. It is expected to have a mass of nickel deposited:
   1. lower than the calculated theoretical one;
   2. much lower than the calculated theoretical one;
   3. inversely proportional with the intensity of the current used;
   4. proportional with the intensity of the current used;
   
   
5. Theoretical mass of nickel deposited is calculated using:
   1. law of mass action;
   2. perfect gas law;
   3. the conservation of the number of atoms for each element law;
   4. the conservation of the energy law;
   
   

TEST DE FINAL DE LABORATOR
Electrodepunerea nichelului protectiva impotriva coroziunii

1. Conductivitatea electrica a solutiilor de saruri de nichel:
   1. este relativ mare;
   2. este īmbunatatita prin adaosuri de saruri;
   3. depinde de potentialul sursei utilizate;
   4. este redusa prin adaosuri de saruri;
   5. este relativ mica;
   
   
2. La nichelare urmatoarele reactii au avut loc:
   1. la densitati mari de curent anionii de oxigen (O^2-) au tendinta de a descarca la catod: O^2- - 2e^- -> O₂⁰
   2. la catod (-), īn legatura cu piesa metalica, Ni⁰ - 2e^- -> Ni²⁺
   3. la anod (+), īn contact cu piesa de nichel, Ni⁰ - 2e^- -> Ni²⁺
   4. la densitati mari de curent anionii de oxigen (O^2-) au tendinta de a descarca la anod: O^2- - 2e^- -> O₂⁰
   
   
3. Intensitatea curentului:
   1. nu afecteaza calitatea nici cantitatea nichelului depus;
   2. ar trebui sa fie ajustata de catre tehnicieni, nu avem nimic de a face acolo;
   3. trebuie sa fie ajustata cand se incepe experimentul;
   4. afecteaza numai calitatea depunerii nichelului;
   
   
4. Este de asteptat ca masa de nichel depus sa fie:
   1. mai mica decāt cea teoretica calculata;
   2. mult mai mica decāt cea teoretica calculata;
   3. invers proportionala cu intensitatea curentului utilizat;
   4. proportionala cu intensitatea curentului utilizat;
   
   
5. Masa teoretica de nichel depus se calculeaza folosind:
   1. legea actiunii maselor;
   2. legea gazelor perfecte;
   3. conservarea numarului de atomi pentru fiecare element;
   4. legea conservarii energiei;
   5. legea solutilor;
   
   

FINAL TEST AT LABORATORY
Nickel corrosion protective electroplating

1. The intensity of the current:
   1. should be adjusted by the technicians, we have nothing to do there;
   2. it depends on the surface of the sample;
   3. affect only the quality of the nickel deposition;
   4. affect only the quantity of the nickel deposition;
   
   
2. Electrical conductivity of nickel salts solutions:
   1. is reduced by salts additions;
   2. is improved by salts additions;
   3. depends on the intensity of the current used;
   4. is relatively high;
   
   
3. At the nickel plating following reactions took place:
   1. at anode (+), connected with nickel piece, Ni⁰ - 2e^- -> Ni²⁺
   2. at cathode (-), connected with metallic piece, Ni⁰ - 2e^- -> Ni²⁺
   3. at high densities of current oxygen anions (O^2-) have the tendency to discharge at the anode: O^2- - 2e^- -> O₂⁰
   4. at cathode (-), connected with metallic piece, Ni²⁺ + 2e^- -> Ni⁰
   
   
4. Theoretical mass of nickel deposited is calculated using:
   1. the electrolysis law;
   2. law of mass action;
   3. the conservation of the energy law;
   4. perfect gas law;
   
   
5. It is expected to have a mass of nickel deposited:
   1. proportional with the surface of the sample;
   2. inversely proportional with the nickel plating time;
   3. much lower than the calculated theoretical one;
   4. inversely proportional with the intensity of the current used;
   
   

TEST DE FINAL DE LABORATOR
Electrodepunerea nichelului protectiva impotriva coroziunii

1. Intensitatea curentului:
   1. ar trebui sa fie ajustata de catre tehnicieni, nu avem nimic de a face acolo;
   2. depinde de suprafata probei;
   3. afecteaza numai calitatea depunerii nichelului;
   4. afecteaza numai cantitatea de nichel depus;
   5. trebuie sa fie calculata īnainte de a īncepe experimentul;
   
   
2. Conductivitatea electrica a solutiilor de saruri de nichel:
   1. este redusa prin adaosuri de saruri;
   2. este īmbunatatita prin adaosuri de saruri;
   3. depinde de intensitatea curentului utilizat;
   4. este relativ mare;
   5. depinde de potentialul sursei utilizate;
   
   
3. La nichelare urmatoarele reactii au avut loc:
   1. la anod (+), īn contact cu piesa de nichel, Ni⁰ - 2e^- -> Ni²⁺
   2. la catod (-), īn legatura cu piesa metalica, Ni⁰ - 2e^- -> Ni²⁺
   3. la densitati mari de curent anionii de oxigen (O^2-) au tendinta de a descarca la anod: O^2- - 2e^- -> O₂⁰
   4. la catod (-), īn contact cu piesa metalica, Ni²⁺ + 2e^- -> Ni⁰
   
   
4. Masa teoretica de nichel depus se calculeaza folosind:
   1. legea electrolizei;
   2. legea actiunii maselor;
   3. legea conservarii energiei;
   4. legea gazelor perfecte;
   5. legea solutilor;
   
   
5. Este de asteptat ca masa de nichel depus sa fie:
   1. proportionala cu suprafata probei;
   2. invers proportional cu timpul de nichelare;
   3. mult mai mica decāt cea teoretica calculata;
   4. invers proportionala cu intensitatea curentului utilizat;
   
   

FINAL TEST AT LABORATORY
Nickel corrosion protective electroplating

1. It is expected to have a mass of nickel deposited:
   1. inversely proportional with the intensity of the current used;
   2. proportional with the nickel plating time;
   3. proportional with the surface of the sample;
   4. inversely proportional with the surface of the sample;
   
   
2. Electrical conductivity of nickel salts solutions:
   1. is reduced by salts additions;
   2. is improved by salts additions;
   3. is relatively high;
   4. is relatively small;
   
   
3. Theoretical mass of nickel deposited is calculated using:
   1. law of mass action;
   2. the electrolysis law;
   3. the conservation of the number of atoms for each element law;
   4. solutions laws;
   
   
4. The intensity of the current:
   1. affect only the quality of the nickel deposition;
   2. is to be adjusted when the experiment starts;
   3. should be adjusted by the technicians, we have nothing to do there;
   4. affect only the quantity of the nickel deposition;
   
   
5. At the nickel plating following reactions took place:
   1. at high densities of current oxygen anions (O^2-) have the tendency to discharge at the anode: O^2- - 2e^- -> O₂⁰
   2. at cathode (-), connected with metallic piece, Ni⁰ - 2e^- -> Ni²⁺
   3. at high densities of current oxygen anions (O^2-) have the tendency to discharge at the cathode: O^2- - 2e^- -> O₂⁰
   4. at anode (+), connected with nickel piece, Ni⁰ - 2e^- -> Ni²⁺
   
   

TEST DE FINAL DE LABORATOR
Electrodepunerea nichelului protectiva impotriva coroziunii

1. Este de asteptat ca masa de nichel depus sa fie:
   1. invers proportionala cu intensitatea curentului utilizat;
   2. proportionala cu timpul de nichelare;
   3. proportionala cu suprafata probei;
   4. invers proportionala cu suprafata probei;
   
   
2. Conductivitatea electrica a solutiilor de saruri de nichel:
   1. este redusa prin adaosuri de saruri;
   2. este īmbunatatita prin adaosuri de saruri;
   3. este relativ mare;
   4. este relativ mica;
   5. depinde de intensitatea curentului utilizat;
   
   
3. Masa teoretica de nichel depus se calculeaza folosind:
   1. legea actiunii maselor;
   2. legea electrolizei;
   3. conservarea numarului de atomi pentru fiecare element;
   4. legea solutilor;
   
   
4. Intensitatea curentului:
   1. afecteaza numai calitatea depunerii nichelului;
   2. trebuie sa fie ajustata cand se incepe experimentul;
   3. ar trebui sa fie ajustata de catre tehnicieni, nu avem nimic de a face acolo;
   4. afecteaza numai cantitatea de nichel depus;
   5. se calculeaza dupa efectuarea experimentului;
   
   
5. La nichelare urmatoarele reactii au avut loc:
   1. la densitati mari de curent anionii de oxigen (O^2-) au tendinta de a descarca la anod: O^2- - 2e^- -> O₂⁰
   2. la catod (-), īn legatura cu piesa metalica, Ni⁰ - 2e^- -> Ni²⁺
   3. la densitati mari de curent anionii de oxigen (O^2-) au tendinta de a descarca la catod: O^2- - 2e^- -> O₂⁰
   4. la anod (+), īn contact cu piesa de nichel, Ni⁰ - 2e^- -> Ni²⁺
   5. la anod (+), īn legatura cu piesa de nichel, Ni²⁺ + 2e^- -> Ni⁰